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Joint Conference of the European Frequency and Time Forum and IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (EFTF/IFCS)

Investigation of dual species ions cloud by molecular-dynamics simulation for microwave clocks

Yani Zuo, Pengfei Cheng, Xiaolin Sun, L. J. Wang, Jianwei Zhang, L. J. Wang

Published Jul 1, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A microwave atomic clock based on113Cd+ions at Tsinghua University is carried out for seven years. To further improve the performance of the clock, a new experimental setup with dual traps and dual species ions was proposed. To investigate the efficiency of sympathetic cooling and the dynamic process of ions, numerical simulation study of the dual-species ion ensembles by the Molecular-dynamics simulation is applied.

DOI
10.1109/fcs.2017.8088933

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A microwave atomic clock based on113Cd+ions at Tsinghua University is carried out for seven years. To further improve the performance of the clock, a new experimental setup with dual traps and dual species ions was proposed. To investigate the efficiency of sympathetic cooling and the dynamic process of ions, numerical simulation study of the dual-species ion ensembles by the Molecular-dynamics simulation is applied.
Microwave frequency standards based on ions are promising as the next generation atomic clocks. This paper reports the recent progresses of the microwave frequency standard based on laser-cooled113Cd+ions developed at Tsinghua University. Based on the current experimental setup, the ground-state hyperfine splitting of113Cd+is measured with higher precision and a better short-term frequency stability is obtained than before. To improve the performance of the Cd+clock further, a new experimental setup with dual-traps is designed, and bi-ions operation is proposed.
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A microwave frequency standard based on113Cd+ions at Tsinghua University has been carried out for twelve years. To overcome the limitations of the Dick effect and the second-order Doppler frequency shift (SODFS), we propose to use heavy174Yb+as the coolant ions to sympathetically cool the large113Cd+cloud, which is expected to further improve the performance of the cadmium-ion microwave frequency standard. This paper reports our recent experimental and simulation progress towards the cadmium-ion microwave frequency standard.
As a candidate for the next generation microwave clock, microwave atomic clocks based on trapped ions are currently studied worldwide. Since 2010, our team at Tsinghua University has been committed to developing a high-performance113Cd+^{113}\text{Cd}^{+}113Cd+microwave ion clock. In 2021, the laser-cooled cadmium-ion microwave clock constructed in our laboratory demonstrated remarkable performance, with a short-term instability of4.2×10−13/τ4.2\times 10^{-13}/\sqrt{\tau}4.2×10−13/τ​and a relative frequency uncertainty of1.8×10−141.8\times 10^{-14}1.8×10−14, improving nearly three orders of magnitude compared to the result from JPL. The ground-state hyperfine splitting of113Cd+^{113}\text{Cd}^{+}113Cd+was determined to be 15199862855.02799(27) Hz, currently the most accurate measurement result for this transition frequency. Apart from that, we introduced the sympathetic cooling technology into the experiment of cadmium-ion microwave clock. Using40Ca+^{40}\text{Ca}^{+}40Ca+as the coolant ion, we obtained Ramsey patterns with a free evolution time of up to 100 seconds, ultimately improving the short-term instability of the system to3.48×10−13/τ3.48\times 10^{-13}/\sqrt{\tau}3.48×10−13/τ​.