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Wireless Networks

Secure communication in untrusted relay selection networks with wireless energy harvesting

Van Phu Tuan, Hyung Yun Kong

Published Oct 31, 2017• 5 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11276-017-1602-2

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Energy harvesting (EH) technology has imposed new constraints on the amount of time an energy-constrained relay node needs to use for EH and information forwarding. Moreover, EH techniques may increase vulnerability to eavesdropping, since a power receiver, as a potential eavesdropper, usually has a shorter access distance than an information receiver. Motivated by this issue, in this paper, we investigate a tradeoff between energy consumption and physical layer security in a wireless powered-untrusted cooperative communication (WPUCC) network consisting of one source-destination pair and multiple amplify-and-forward untrusted relays. To minimize the energy consumption of the network, we propose a secure adaptive relay-based cooperation approach. Moreover, a greedy battery-aware relay-selection scheme is proposed to minimize the power consumption in WPUCC systems. Using power-splitting-based energy accumulation, untrusted relays attempt to intercept the information intended to the legitimate destination while harvesting energy at the same time. To keep the information secure from potential eavesdropping, the source injects a jamming signal along with its data signal. By modeling the dynamic behavior of the relay battery as a finite-state Markov chain, we derive an analytical expression for the secrecy outage probability of our proposed secure adaptive harvest-use-store cooperative communication scheme and show that it is more secure than its direct transmission and pure two-hop transmission counterparts.
We propose a new scheme to secure a wireless-powered untrusted cooperative-communication network, where a legitimate source node (Alice) transmits her information messages to a legitimate destination node (Bob) through the multiple amplify-and-forward untrusted relays. The relay nodes are assumed to be honest but curious nodes; hence, they are trusted at the service level but are untrusted at the information level. To reduce the energy consumption of the network, only one relay node is selected in each time slot to forward Alice's information signal. We assume a power-splitting-based energy-harvesting scheme, where each relay node splits its received signal into information and energy streams. Since the relay nodes are assumed to be untrusted at the information level, they attempt to decode the information intended to Bob while harvesting energy at the same time. When the relaying mode is selected, the scheme is realized over two non-overlapping time phases. To prevent any information leakage to the untrusted relay nodes, Bob and a cooperative jammer (John) inject jamming (artificial noise) signals during the first phase. During the second phase, the untrusted relay nodes that will not be forwarding the information signal must harvest energy to accumulate more energy to help Alice in future time slots. Moreover, the cooperative jammer will jam the untrusted relays to further power their batteries and prevent them from decoding the information-forwarding relay signal in case they decided to cheat and decode it. We model the battery state transitions at each relay as a finite-state Markov chain and analyze it. Our numerical results show the security gains of our proposed scheme relative to two benchmark schemes.
We propose a jam-then-harvest protocol for dual-hop cooperative networks with an untrusted relay, where an external friendly jammer helps keep information secret from the untrusted relay by transmitting a priori jamming signal for the destination. In particular, the wireless powered jammer scavenges energy from the received forwarded signal and recovers its initial energy to perform jamming in next time slot. We analytically derive an exact expression of the probability of nonzero secrecy rate (PNSR) for the proposed jam-then-harvest protocol. For performance comparison, cooperative jamming with the constant power supply is provided as a lower bound benchmark. Our results show that the proposed protocol not only can achieve the secure communication but also can harvest the enough energy without a loss of performance in the low jamming power region.