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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

Minimum Secrecy Throughput Maximization in Wireless Powered Secure Communications

Chongtao Guo, Bin Yih Liao, Daquan Feng, Chunlong He, Xiao Ma

Published Oct 30, 2017• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper investigates a wireless powered secure communication network (WPSCN), in which the legitimate users have no constant energy supply and need to be wireless powered for information transmitting. The harvest-then-transmit protocol is adopted in the WPSCN, i.e., the energy access point (EAP) first transfers energy to legitimate users through energy beamforming, and then, the legitimate users transmit their data to the information access point (IAP) by time-division multiple access. Since an eavesdropper intercepts users’ uplink information, the EAP creates artificial noise to cripple the interception capability of the eavesdropper. For providing a secrecy throughput balancing across different legitimate users, we aim to maximize the minimum secrecy throughput of all users via time allocation, energy beamforming, and artificial noise design. To this end, a low-complexity two-stage algorithm is proposed. In the first stage, without taking into account the eavesdropper's wiretapping, we design time allocation and energy beamforming by solving the problem of minimum throughput maximization, which is convex and can be easily solved. In the second stage, two easily implementable strategies are proposed for artificial noise design so as to strengthen the noise power at the eavesdropper and simultaneously reduce the noise power at the IAP. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed approach is close to the upper bound and not sensitive to scenario settings, which confirms the effectiveness of the proposed method.

DOI
10.1109/tvt.2017.2767633

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•Aug 17, 2016•508 citations
This paper investigates a wireless powered secure communication network (WPSCN), in which the legitimate users have no constant energy supply and need to be wireless powered for information transmitting. The harvest-then-transmit protocol is adopted in the WPSCN, i.e., the energy access point (EAP) first transfers energy to legitimate users through energy beamforming, and then, the legitimate users transmit their data to the information access point (IAP) by time-division multiple access. Since an eavesdropper intercepts users’ uplink information, the EAP creates artificial noise to cripple the interception capability of the eavesdropper. For providing a secrecy throughput balancing across different legitimate users, we aim to maximize the minimum secrecy throughput of all users via time allocation, energy beamforming, and artificial noise design. To this end, a low-complexity two-stage algorithm is proposed. In the first stage, without taking into account the eavesdropper's wiretapping, we design time allocation and energy beamforming by solving the problem of minimum throughput maximization, which is convex and can be easily solved. In the second stage, two easily implementable strategies are proposed for artificial noise design so as to strengthen the noise power at the eavesdropper and simultaneously reduce the noise power at the IAP. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed approach is close to the upper bound and not sensitive to scenario settings, which confirms the effectiveness of the proposed method.
In this work, we investigate a wireless powered communication network (WPCN) where multiple eavesdroppers attempt to intercept the information between a hybrid access-point (H-AP) and an energy harvesting (EH) user. During the first energy transfer (ET) phase, the EH user and an EH cooperative jammer harvest energy from the transmitted signals of the H- AP. Then, in the next information transfer (IT) phase, the user sends confidential information to the H-AP while the jammer broadcasts artificial noises to the eavesdroppers by utilizing their previously harvested energy. We particularly consider optimization of the time allocation between the ET and the IT phases by which the secrecy rate is maximized. To cut down a computational burden, a low-complexity closed-form solution of the time allocation factor with some interesting behaviors will be proposed by a worst-case approximation. Through simulation results, we evaluate the performance of our proposed scheme and show that a performance gain compared to conventional schemes becomes clearer with the increased number of eavesdroppers.
In this paper, we study the secrecy throughput in a massive Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) full-duplex wireless powered communication network (WPCN). The network consists of a massive MIMO base station (BS) and two groups of single-antenna sensor nodes which harvest energy from the BS. The first group, referred to as information transmitters (ITs), use the harvested energy to transmit information back to the BS; the second group, referred to as energy receivers (ERs), use the harvested energy for non-transmission related operations. We consider a two-slot protocol. In the first time slot, all nodes harvest energy from the BS. In the second slot, ITs transmit information to the BS, while BS use one set of its antennas to receive the signals and the other set of antennas to transmit artificial noise (AN) to the ERs. The AN serves two purposes: wireless power transfer to the ERs, and information security for the ITs with ERs, which are considered as potential eavesdroppers. We aim to maximize the total secrecy throughput of ITs subject to the ERs' received energy constraints. The problem is shown to be non-convex. To tackle the problem, we propose a twostage suboptimal approach, referred to as Maximizing Received AN aided Secrecy Throughput Maximization (MRAN-STM). In the first stage, the transmitted AN is optimized to maximize the minimum received AN of all the ERs. Then, in the second stage, the power allocation and time slot duration are optimized to maximize the total secrecy throughput. Numerical results show the improvement of the proposed algorithm.
In this paper, we consider a wireless powered communication network with an energy harvesting (EH) jammer where eavesdroppers try to wiretap the communication between users and a hybrid access-point (H-AP). In our system, the H-AP first transmits an energy signal to recharge the batteries of the EH users and the EH jammer in the energy transfer (ET) phase. Then, in the subsequent information transfer (IT) phase, each user sends information to the H-AP in a time division multiple access manner, while the jammer generates jamming signals to interfere the eavesdroppers. We adopt two different secrecy performance measurements according to the level of channel state information (CSI) of the eavesdroppers. First, with a single user, we maximize the secrecy rate by optimizing the time allocation between the ET and the IT phase when perfect CSI of the eavesdroppers is available at all nodes. In contrast, when the instantaneous CSI of the eavesdroppers is not available at legitimate nodes, we analyze and minimize the secrecy outage probability. We also extend the single user analysis to a more general multi-user situation with an additional consideration of the transmit power allocation at the jammer. Finally, we evaluate the performance of our proposed solutions through simulations and demonstrate that a performance gain compared to conventional schemes becomes more pronounced with the increased number of eavesdroppers and users.
This paper considers a multiuser multiple-input single-output (MISO) downlink system with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer. In particular, we focus on secure communication in the presence of passive eavesdroppers and potential eavesdroppers (idle legitimate receivers). We study the design of a resource allocation algorithm minimizing the total transmit power for the case when the legitimate receivers are able to harvest energy from radio frequency signals. Our design advocates the dual use of both artificial noise and energy signals in providing secure communication and facilitating efficient wireless energy transfer. The algorithm design is formulated as a non-convex optimization problem. The problem formulation takes into account artificial noise and energy signal generation for protecting the transmitted information against both considered types of eavesdroppers when imperfect channel state information (CSI) of the potential eavesdroppers and no CSI of the passive eavesdroppers are available at the transmitter. Besides, the problem formulation also takes into account different quality of service (QoS) requirements: a minimum required signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the desired receiver; maximum tolerable SINRs at the potential eavesdroppers; a minimum required outage probability at the passive eavesdroppers; and minimum required heterogeneous amounts of power transferred to the idle legitimate receivers. In light of the intractability of the problem, we reformulate the considered problem by replacing a non-convex probabilistic constraint with a convex deterministic constraint. Then, a semi-definite programming (SDP) relaxation approach is adopted to obtain the optimal solution for the reformulated problem. Furthermore, we propose a suboptimal resource allocation scheme with low computational complexity for providing communication secrecy and facilitating efficient energy transfer. Simulation results demonstrate the close-to-optimal performance of the proposed schemes and significant transmit power savings by optimization of the artificial noise and energy signal generation.
We study a secure communication of a two-user interference network. In this network, two transmitters send information and artificial noise simultaneously to two users and energy receivers (ERs), and ERs are likely to perform as eavesdroppers. We propose a joint beamforming and artificial noise design to maximize the total energy harvested by ERs subject to the secrecy sum rate requirement and power constraints. The proposed design constitutes an optimization problem, which is non-convex yet can be further transformed into a two-stage problem. In the first stage, by introducing an auxiliary variable, we can reformulate the non-convex as a second-order cone program (SOCP) problem, and the constrained concave convex procedure based algorithm is proposed to make this SOCP problem tractable. In the second stage, the auxiliary variable is obtained by the one-dimensional line search. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
This paper considers a multiuser multiple-input single-output (MISO) downlink system with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer. In particular, we focus on secure communication in the presence of passive eavesdroppers and potential eavesdroppers (idle legitimate receivers). We study the design of a resource allocation algorithm minimizing the total transmit power for the case when the legitimate receivers are able to harvest energy from radio frequency signals. Our design advocates the dual use of both artificial noise and energy signals in providing secure communication and facilitating efficient wireless energy transfer. The algorithm design is formulated as a non-convex optimization problem. The problem formulation takes into account artificial noise and energy signal generation for protecting the transmitted information against both considered types of eavesdroppers when imperfect channel state information (CSI) of the potential eavesdroppers and no CSI of the passive eavesdroppers are available at the transmitter. Besides, the problem formulation also takes into account different quality of service (QoS) requirements: a minimum required signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the desired receiver; maximum tolerable SINRs at the potential eavesdroppers; a minimum required outage probability at the passive eavesdroppers; and minimum required heterogeneous amounts of power transferred to the idle legitimate receivers. In light of the intractability of the problem, we reformulate the considered problem by replacing a non-convex probabilistic constraint with a convex deterministic constraint. Then, a semi-definite programming (SDP) relaxation approach is adopted to obtain the optimal solution for the reformulated problem. Furthermore, we propose a suboptimal resource allocation scheme with low computational complexity for providing communication secrecy and facilitating efficient energy transfer. Simulation results demonstrate the close-to-optimal performance of the proposed schemes and significant transmit power savings by optimization of the artificial noise and energy signal generation.