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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Analog quantum simulation of the Rabi model in the ultra-strong coupling regime

Jochen Braumüller, Michael Marthaler, Andre Schneider, Alexander Stehli, Hannes Rotzinger, Martin P. Weides, Alexey Vladimirovich Ustinov

Published Mar 15, 2017• 1 citation
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The quantum Rabi model describes the fundamental mechanism of light-matter interaction. It consists of a two-level atom or qubit coupled to a quantized harmonic mode via a transversal interaction. In the weak coupling regime, it reduces to the well-known Jaynes-Cummings model by applying a rotating wave approximation. The rotating wave approximation breaks down in the ultra-strong coupling regime, where the effective coupling strength g is comparable to the energy ω of the bosonic mode, and remarkable features in the system dynamics are revealed. Here we demonstrate an analog quantum simulation of an effective quantum Rabi model in the ultra-strong coupling regime, achieving a relative coupling ratio of g/ω ~ 0.6. The quantum hardware of the simulator is a superconducting circuit embedded in a cQED setup. We observe fast and periodic quantum state collapses and revivals of the initial qubit state, being the most distinct signature of the synthesized model.An analog quantum simulation scheme has been explored with a quantum hardware based on a superconducting circuit. Here the authors investigate the time evolution of the quantum Rabi model at ultra-strong coupling conditions, which is synthesized by slowing down the system dynamics in an effective frame.
We study the quantum Rabi model (QRM) in the deep strong coupling (DSC) regime. To capture the full dynamics of the QRM in the DSC regime, we implemented single-qubit rotations combined with integrated digital steps and qubit-bosonic blocks. This approach leads to a paradigm known as digital analog quantum simulations (DAQSs). In this work, we review the encoding of QRM in the DSC regime through emerging paradigms of digital and analog techniques. Using DAQSs encoding, an efficient simulation can be performed on state-of-the-art circuit quantum electrodynamics platforms. Finally, we provide detailed information on the dynamics of the QRM in varity of parameter regions. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the DAQS paradigms in achieving prolonged coherent measurements during time evolution, even in the case of perturbative DSC regime dynamics. This proposal lays the groundwork for simulating complex many-body dynamics that involve bosonic modes.