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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Second-order tunneling under the dynamic localization condition of two particles in driven one-dimensional lattices with an impurity

Zheng Zhou, Shi-Qing Tang, Honghua Zhong, Bo Zhu, He Zhang-Ming, Jintao Tan

Published Oct 4, 2017• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We investigate the effect of the interplay between the interatomic interaction and impurity on dynamic localization for two interacting bosons held in driven one-dimensional lattices with an impurity. We find that the interplay of the interatomic interaction and impurity can induce second-order tunneling under the dynamic localization condition. In the resonant regime, where the impurity potential is equal to a multiple of the driving frequency, two bosons form a stable bound pair and the dominant tunneling of the doublon in the paired state is a second-order process. In the non-resonant regime, the tunneling dynamics of the single boson in the unpaired state can also be a second-order process between the two nearest-neighbor sites of the impurity with the negligible impurity site population, and the other boson is localized in the initial site all the time. Our results provide a promising approach for controlling transport of realistic systems.

DOI
10.1088/1361-6455/aa90da

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Abstract We investigate the effect of the interplay between the interatomic interaction and impurity on dynamic localization for two interacting bosons held in driven one-dimensional lattices with an impurity. We find that the interplay of the interatomic interaction and impurity can induce second-order tunneling under the dynamic localization condition. In the resonant regime, where the impurity potential is equal to a multiple of the driving frequency, two bosons form a stable bound pair and the dominant tunneling of the doublon in the paired state is a second-order process. In the non-resonant regime, the tunneling dynamics of the single boson in the unpaired state can also be a second-order process between the two nearest-neighbor sites of the impurity with the negligible impurity site population, and the other boson is localized in the initial site all the time. Our results provide a promising approach for controlling transport of realistic systems.
We investigate the tunneling dynamics of an ultracold bosonic impurity species which interacts repulsively with a second, larger Bose gas. Both species are held in a finite-sized quasi-one-dimensional box potential. In addition, the impurity bosons experience a periodic potential generated by an optical lattice. We initially prepare our binary mixture in its ground state, such that the impurities and Bose gas are phase separated and the impurities localize pairwise in adjacent sites of the periodic potential, by tuning the interaction strengths and the lattice depth correspondingly. The dynamics is initiated by suddenly lowering the repulsive interspecies interaction strength, thereby entering a different regime in the crossover diagram. For specific postquench interspecies interaction strengths we find that a single impurity tunnels first to the neighboring empty site and depending on the quench strength can further tunnel to the next-neighboring site. Interestingly, this effect is highly sensitive to the presence of the Bose gas and does not occur when the Bose gas does not interact with the impurity species throughout the dynamics. Moreover, we find that the tunneling process is accompanied by strong entanglement between the Bose gas and the impurity species as well as correlations among the impurities.
Abstract We investigate the ground state properties and the nonequilibrium dynamics of a lattice trapped bosonic mixture consisting of an impurity species and a finite-sized medium. For the case of one as well as two impurities we observe that, depending on the lattice depth and the interspecies interaction strength, a transition from a strongly delocalized to a localized impurity distribution occurs. In the latter regime the two species phase separate, thereby forming a particle–hole pair. For two impurities we find that below a critical lattice depth they are delocalized among two neighboring outer lattice wells and are two-body correlated. This transition is characterized by a crossover from strong to a suppressed interspecies entanglement for increasing impurity-medium repulsion. Turning to the dynamical response of the mixture, upon quenching the interspecies repulsion to smaller values, we reveal that the predominant tunneling process for a single impurity corresponds to that of a particle–hole pair, whose dynamical stability depends strongly on the quench amplitude. During the time-evolution a significant increase of the interspecies entanglement is observed, caused by the build-up of a superposition of states and thus possesses a many-body nature. In the case of two bosonic impurities the particle–hole pair process becomes unstable in the course of the dynamics with the impurities aggregating in adjacent lattice sites while being strongly correlated.
We investigate the dynamics of two bosons in a tilted one-dimensional optical lattice with both standard and density-assisted tunnelling. The relative sign of the two tunnelling processes strongly affects the Bloch dynamics, leading to distinct reinforcing and competing regimes. We examine how the tunnelling processes generate correlations and find that, in the absence of onsite interactions, the early-time entanglement growth follows the same scaling with the density-assisted tunnelling amplitude. Finite onsite interaction changes this picture by breaking the symmetry between the reinforcing and competing regimes and enhancing the correlation differently in two regimes. This shows how the interplay between the two tunnelling mechanisms can change dyanmics and entanglement in a controlled few-body setting. Particularly, at equal tunnelling amplitudes, the doublon and singlon sectors decouple completely for arbitrary onsite interaction, lattice tilting, and initial state.
Abstract We unravel the correlated tunneling dynamics of an impurity trapped in a double well and interacting repulsively with a majority species of lattice trapped bosons. Upon quenching the tilt of the double well it is found that the quench-induced tunneling dynamics depends crucially on the interspecies interaction strength and the presence of entanglement inherent in the system. In particular, for weak couplings the impurity performs a rather irregular tunneling process in the double well. Increasing the interspecies coupling it is possible to control the response of the impurity which undergoes a delayed tunneling while the majority species effectively acts as a material barrier. For very strong interspecies interaction strengths the impurity exhibits a self-trapping behavior. We showcase that a similar tunneling dynamics takes place for two weakly interacting impurities and identify its underlying transport mechanisms in terms of pair and single-particle tunneling processes.
Abstract In this work, we have studied the quantum tunneling of a single spin–orbit-coupled atom held in a periodically modulated optical lattice with an impurity. As a result we find that the dynamical localization takes place globally at the collapse points of quasienergy spectrum, even when the impurity potential is far off-resonant with the driving field. Meanwhile, two types of local second-order tunneling processes appear beyond expectation between the two nearest-neighbor sites of the impurity, with the spin unchanged and with the impurity site population negligible. Though tunneling behaviors of the two types seem to be the same, they are believed to involve two distinct mechanisms: one is related to spin-independent process, while the other is to spin-dependent tunneling process. The two types of second-order processes can be identified by means of resonant tunneling with or without spin flipping by tuning the impurity potential to be in resonance with the driving field. In the Floquet picture, the system with the localized impurity develops a fine structure of avoided crossings of quasienergies near the collapse point, which is crucial to understand the so-called second-order tunneling dynamics. These results are confirmed analytically on the basis of effective three-site model and multiple-time-scale asymptotic perturbative method, and may be exploited for engineering the spin-dependent quantum transport in realistic experiments.
We address the interplay of few lattice trapped bosons interacting with an impurity atom in a box potential. For the ground state, a classification is performed based on the fidelity allowing to quantify the susceptibility of the composite system to structural changes due to the intercomponent coupling. We analyze the overall response at the many-body level and contrast it to the single-particle level. By inspecting different entropy measures we capture the degree of entanglement and intraspecies correlations for a wide range of intra- and intercomponent interactions and lattice depths. We also spatially resolve the imprint of the entanglement on the one- and two-body density distributions showcasing that it accelerates the phase separation process or acts against spatial localization for repulsive and attractive intercomponent interactions, respectively. The many-body effects on the tunneling dynamics of the individual components, resulting from their counterflow, are also discussed. The tunneling period of the impurity is very sensitive to the value of the impurity-medium coupling due to its effective dressing by the few-body medium. Our work provides implications for engineering localized structures in correlated impurity settings using species selective optical potentials.