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Nature Photonics

Experimental nested purification for a linear optical quantum repeater

Luo-Kan Chen, Hai-Lin Yong, Ping Xu, Xing-Can Yao, Tong Xiang, Zheng-Da Li, Chang Liu, He Lu, Nai-Le Liu, Li Li, Tao Yang, Cheng-Zhi Peng, Bo Zhao, Yu-Ao Chen, Jian-Wei Pan

Published Sep 30, 2017• 67 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1038/s41566-017-0010-6

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Entanglement purification is used to distill high quality entangled states from several noisy low quality entangled states, and it plays a key role in quantum repeater. The measurement-based entanglement purification protocol (MB-EPP) does not require local two-qubit gates or single-particle measurements on the noisy pairs and may offer significant advantages compared with the gate-based EPPs. We present an alternative MB-EPP in linear optics. Subsequently, we provide a detailed analysis on the realization of this MB-EPP using spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) sources. By delicately designing the optical circuits, the double-pair emission noise caused by SPDC sources can be eliminated automatically. Combined with suitable quantum memory and entanglement swapping, this MB-EPP may have application potential in the implementation of a practical measurement-based quantum repeater.
We discuss a long-distance quantum communication system based on entangled photon pairs, which apply entanglement as its fundamental resource. For distances longer than the coherence length of a counterpart noisy quantum channel, the fidelity of transmission is ordinarily so low that standard purification processes are not applicable. The quantum repeater stretches the length of the entangled photon pairs. And the high fidelity entanglement of photons between sender and receiver is obtained by entanglement purification and entanglement swapping. We compare the nested repeater with the common repeater and show that it outperforms the latter, which is built an EPR pair in less time.