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Low Temperature Physics

Scattering of a single photon on a two-qubit structure with resonators

A. N. Sultanov, D. S. Karpov, Ya. S. Greenberg, Sergey N Shevchenko, Alexander A. Shtygashev

Published Jul 1, 2017• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, the scattering of a single photon in a waveguide–resonator–qubit system is studied. An open waveguide is connected to two resonators, located at an arbitrary distance from each other and containing a single qubit each. The scattering of a single photon makes it possible to describe the behavior of the system completely quantum mechanically. We show the existence of Fano resonance, which is a direct manifestation of the interference between the incident photon and virtual photons associated with transitions between the states of the system. The obtained expressions for the transmission coefficients allowed us to take into account the influence of the incident photon frequency on the resonances and their widths.

DOI
10.1063/1.4995628

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In this paper, the scattering of a single photon in a waveguide–resonator–qubit system is studied. An open waveguide is connected to two resonators, located at an arbitrary distance from each other and containing a single qubit each. The scattering of a single photon makes it possible to describe the behavior of the system completely quantum mechanically. We show the existence of Fano resonance, which is a direct manifestation of the interference between the incident photon and virtual photons associated with transitions between the states of the system. The obtained expressions for the transmission coefficients allowed us to take into account the influence of the incident photon frequency on the resonances and their widths.
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In this paper, we investigate the single-photon scattering and bound states in a one-dimensional coupled-resonator waveguide which couples to a single artificial giant atom with two or more coupling points. When the atom couples to the waveguide via two resonators, the single-photon reflection rate is characterized by either Breit-Wigner or Fano lineshapes. When the atom couples to the waveguide via multiple resonators, we show numerically how the destructive interference effect leads to a complete single-photon reflection. We also find a phase-transition phenomena for the multiresonator coupling case, which reveals that the upper bound state only exists when the atom-waveguide coupling strength is above a critical value.
We investigate coherent single-microwave-photon transport in the coupled superconducting transmission lines coupled to superconducting quantum interference device based charge qubits. The Fano resonance can be observed in the scattering spectra in both the linear and nonlinear regimes of the dispersion relation of the microwave photon. We further find that the degree of the two-qubit entanglement can vary from unity to zero when the Fano resonance occurs. There exists a correspondence between the entanglement and the Fano resonance.
We analyze the coherent transport of a single photon, which propagates in a one-dimensional coupled-resonator waveguide and is scattered by a controllable two-level system located inside one of the resonators of this waveguide. Our approach, which uses discrete coordinates, unifies low and high energy effective theories for single-photon scattering. We show that the controllable two-level system can behave as a quantum switch for the coherent transport of a single photon. This study may inspire new electro-optical single-photon quantum devices. We also suggest an experimental setup based on superconducting transmission line resonators and qubits.
Single-photon scattering properties in a coupled-resonator waveguide (CRW) coupled to a nanocavity embedded with a two-level system are investigated theoretically. Two cases are considered: when the nanocavity is locally coupled to one resonator and when it is nonlocally coupled to two resonators of the CRW. The transmission and reflection amplitudes are obtained for the two cases, respectively. The results show that the position of perfect transmission remains unchanged, while the position of perfect reflection is shifted due to the nonlocal coupling. An asymmetric Fano resonance appears in the transmission spectrum and can be controlled by adjusting the coupling strengths in the nonlocal coupling case. The effects of the coupling strengths and dissipation on the transport properties are also analyzed for the two cases.
The single-photon scattering by a V-type three-level emitter in a rectangular waveguide is studied. Here the frequency value of input photons can be large beyond the single-transverse-mode region. By using Green's function formalism, the necessary and sufficient conditions of complete transmission as well as complete reflection are derived analytically. In the region of single transverse mode, the physical mechanisms of complete transmission and complete reflection are electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Fano resonance, respectively. In the region of multiple transverse modes, which are induced by the finite cross section, the quantum interference between multiple scattering pathways with different transverse modes can be used to manipulate the single-photon transport. We find that the emitter becomes transparent when the superposition of waveguide modes has zero amplitude at the position of emitter. And the perfect reflection is absent even under Fano resonance unless the input-state is in a coherent superposition state. These results may promote the development of single-photon devices with wide applicable frequency region.