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The Japan Society of Applied Physics

Two-Photon Interference Experiment Using a Fiber-Based Polarization Interferometer

Naoto Namekata, Akiko Tada, Shouta Banba, Shuichiro Inoue

Published Jul 21, 2017• 0 citations
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We report the generation of polarization-entangled photon pairs in the 1550 nm band by pumping an uneven nonlinear interferometer loop with two orthogonally polarized counterpropagating pump pulses.The uneven nonlinear interferometer, providing a more ideal interference pattern due to the elimination of secondary maxima, consists of four pieces of dispersion-shifted fibers sandwiched with three pieces of standard single-mode fibers, and the lengths of the nonlinear fibers follow the binomial distribution.The mode number of the photon pairs deduced from the measured joint spectrum is ∼1.03.The collection efficiency of the photon pairs is found to be ∼94% (after background noise correction).The directly measured visibility of two-photon interference of the polarization-entangled photon pairs is ∼92%, while no interference is observed in the direct detection of either the signal or idler photons.
We present two-photon interference experiments with polarization-entangled photon pairs in a polarization-based Franson-type interferometer. Although the two photons do not meet at a common beamsplitter, a phase-insensitive Hong-Ou-Mandel type two-photon interference peak and dip fringes are observed, resulting from the two-photon interference effect between two indistinguishable two-photon probability amplitudes leading to a coincidence detection. A spatial quantum beating fringe is also measured for nondegenerate photon pairs in the same interferometer, although the two-photon states have no frequency entanglement. When unentangled polarization-correlated photons are used as an input state, the polarization entanglement is successfully recovered through the interferometer via delayed compensation.