Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

for 2 Parties with Many 2-valued Observables from Facets of Cut Polytopes

David Avis, Hiroshi Imai, Tsuyoshi Ito, Yuuya Sasaki

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Relatively few families of Bell inequalities have previously been identified. Some examples are the trivial, CHSH, Imm22, and CGLMP inequalities. This paper presents a large number of new families of tight Bell inequalities for the case of many observables. For example, 44,368,793 inequivalent tight Bell inequalities other than CHSH are obtained for the case of 2 parties each with 10 2-valued observables. This is accomplished by first establishing a relationship between the Bell inequalities and the facets of the cut polytope, a well studied object in polyhedral combinatorics. We then prove a theorem allowing us to derive new facets of cut polytopes from facets of smaller polytopes by a process derived from FourierMotzkin elimination, which we call triangular elimination. These new facets in turn give new tight Bell inequalities. We give additional results for projections, liftings, and the complexity of membership testing for the associated Bell polytope.

Related papers

Deriving Tight Bell Inequalities for 2 Parties with Many 2-valued Observables from Facets of Cut Polytopes

David Avis, Imai, Hiroshi, Tsuyoshi Ito +1 more

Relatively few families of Bell inequalities have previously been identified. Some examples are the trivial, CHSH, I_{mm22}, and CGLMP inequalities. This paper presents a large number of new families of tight Bell inequalities for the case of many observables. For example, 44,368,793 inequivalent tight Bell inequalities other than CHSH are obtained for the case of 2 parties each with 10 2-valued observables. This is accomplished by first establishing a relationship between the Bell inequalities and the facets of the cut polytope, a well studied object in polyhedral combinatorics. We then prove a theorem allowing us to derive new facets of cut polytopes from facets of smaller polytopes by a process derived from Fourier-Motzkin elimination, which we call triangular elimination. These new facets in turn give new tight Bell inequalities. We give additional results for projections, liftings, and the complexity of membership testing for the associated Bell polytope.

arXiv:quant-ph/0404014•Apr 2, 2004•14 citations

Two-Party Bell Inequalities Derived from Combinatorics via Triangular Elimination

David Avis, Hiroshi Imai, Tsuyoshi Ito +1 more

Bell inequalities, originally introduced as a method to prove that some quantum states show nonlocal behavior, are now studied as a method to capture the extent of the nonlocality of quantum states. Tight Bell inequalities are considered to be more important than redundant ones. Despite the increasing importance of the study of Bell inequalities, few kinds of tight Bell inequalities have been found. Examples include the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality, the I_{mmvv} inequalities, the CGLMP inequalities, and the Bell inequalities in systems small enough to generate all the Bell inequalities by exhaustive search. In this paper, we establish a relation between the two-party Bell inequalities for two-valued measurements and a high-dimensional convex polytope called the cut polytope in polyhedral combinatorics. Using this relation, we propose a method, triangular elimination, to derive tight Bell inequalities from facets of the cut polytope. This method gives two hundred million inequivalent tight Bell inequalities from currently known results on the cut polytope. In addition, this method gives general formulas which represent families of infinitely many Bell inequalities. These results can be used to examine general properties of Bell inequalities.

•Jan 1, 2005•39 citations

Two-party Bell inequalities derived from combinatorics via triangular elimination

David Avis, Hiroshi Imai, Tsuyoshi Ito +1 more

We establish a relation between the two-party Bell inequalities for two-valued measurements and a high-dimensional convex polytope called the cut polytope in polyhedral combinatorics. Using this relation, we propose a method, triangular elimination , to derive tight Bell inequalities from facets of the cut polytope. This method gives two hundred million inequivalent tight Bell inequalities from currently known results on the cut polytope. In addition, this method gives general formulae which represent families of infinitely many Bell inequalities. These results can be used to examine general properties of Bell inequalities.

arXiv:quant-ph/0505060•Journal of Physics A Mathematical and General•Nov 30, 2005•48 citations

Bell inequalities stronger than the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality for three-level isotropic states

Tsuyoshi Ito, Hiroshi Imai, David Avis

We show that some two-party Bell inequalities with two-valued observables are stronger than the CHSH inequality for $3\ensuremath{\bigotimes}3$ isotropic states in the sense that they are violated by some isotropic states in the $3\ensuremath{\bigotimes}3$ system that do not violate the CHSH inequality. These Bell inequalities are obtained by applying triangular elimination to the list of known facet inequalities of the cut polytope on nine points. This gives a partial solution to an open problem posed by Collins and Gisin. The results of numerical optimization suggest that they are candidates for being stronger than the ${\mathrm{I}}_{3322}$ Bell inequality for $3\ensuremath{\bigotimes}3$ isotropic states. On the other hand, we found no Bell inequalities stronger than the CHSH inequality for $2\ensuremath{\bigotimes}2$ isotropic states. In addition, we illustrate an inclusion relation among some Bell inequalities derived by triangular elimination.

arXiv:quant-ph/0508210•Physical Review A•Apr 21, 2006•20 citations

New Classes of Facets of Cut Polytope and Tightness of I_{mm22} Bell Inequalities

David Avis, Tsuyoshi Ito

The Grishukhin inequality Gr_7 is a facet of CutP_7, the cut polytope on seven points, which is ``sporadic'' in the sense that its proper generalization has not been known. In this paper, we extend Gr_7 to an inequality I(G,H) valid for CutP_{n+1} where G and H are graphs with n nodes satisfying certain conditions, and prove a necessary and sufficient condition for I(G,H) to be a facet. This result combined with the triangular elimination theorem of Avis, Imai, Ito and Sasaki settles Collins and Gisin's conjecture in quantum theory affirmatively: the I_{mm22} Bell inequality is a facet of the correlation polytope CorP(K_{m,m}) of the complete bipartite graph K_{m,m} for all m>=1. We also extend the Gr_8 facet inequality of CutP_8 to an inequality I'(G,H,C) valid for CutP_{n+2}, and provide a sufficient condition for I'(G,H,C) to be a facet.

arXiv:math/0505143•May 9, 2005•0 citations

Bell inequalities from outcome equalities

Ricardo Faleiro, Flavien Hirsch, Emmanuel Zambrini Cruzeiro +1 more

In this work, we study a particular class of Bell inequalities involving only direct equality-comparisons of outcomes. In the bipartite case, the scenario can be interpreted as a natural generalization of full-correlator in- equalities (XOR games) beyond binary outputs. We define the sub-polytope of the local polytope corresponding to this scenario and solve it for several bipartite and multipartite scenarios by leveraging some structural prop- erties. In doing so, we obtain thousands of new tight inequalities, many of which are also facets of the standard local polytope. We also define unanimous Bell inequalities, a particular case of the previous class applied to the multipartite setting in which only full-equality events (all outcomes equal) are considered. We show that such inequalities can always be written as deterministic nonlocal games, and we give a simple multipartite unanimous family and prove its local bound. We show that most of these inequalities admit quantum violations, and we also display aspects of their importance for nonlocality. For instance, we identify examples where such inequalities can act as dimension witnesses, outcome witnesses, witnesses of genuine multipartite nonlocality, as well as being relevant to CHSH. These results show that these simple and elegant inequalities by themselves provide a powerful tool for discovering new Bell inequalities and device-independent witnesses.

quant-pharXiv:2603.17030•Physical Review A•Mar 19, 2026•0 citations
Relatively few families of Bell inequalities have previously been identified. Some examples are the trivial, CHSH, Imm22, and CGLMP inequalities. This paper presents a large number of new families of tight Bell inequalities for the case of many observables. For example, 44,368,793 inequivalent tight Bell inequalities other than CHSH are obtained for the case of 2 parties each with 10 2-valued observables. This is accomplished by first establishing a relationship between the Bell inequalities and the facets of the cut polytope, a well studied object in polyhedral combinatorics. We then prove a theorem allowing us to derive new facets of cut polytopes from facets of smaller polytopes by a process derived from FourierMotzkin elimination, which we call triangular elimination. These new facets in turn give new tight Bell inequalities. We give additional results for projections, liftings, and the complexity of membership testing for the associated Bell polytope.
Relatively few families of Bell inequalities have previously been identified. Some examples are the trivial, CHSH, I_{mm22}, and CGLMP inequalities. This paper presents a large number of new families of tight Bell inequalities for the case of many observables. For example, 44,368,793 inequivalent tight Bell inequalities other than CHSH are obtained for the case of 2 parties each with 10 2-valued observables. This is accomplished by first establishing a relationship between the Bell inequalities and the facets of the cut polytope, a well studied object in polyhedral combinatorics. We then prove a theorem allowing us to derive new facets of cut polytopes from facets of smaller polytopes by a process derived from Fourier-Motzkin elimination, which we call triangular elimination. These new facets in turn give new tight Bell inequalities. We give additional results for projections, liftings, and the complexity of membership testing for the associated Bell polytope.
Bell inequalities, originally introduced as a method to prove that some quantum states show nonlocal behavior, are now studied as a method to capture the extent of the nonlocality of quantum states. Tight Bell inequalities are considered to be more important than redundant ones. Despite the increasing importance of the study of Bell inequalities, few kinds of tight Bell inequalities have been found. Examples include the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality, the I_{mmvv} inequalities, the CGLMP inequalities, and the Bell inequalities in systems small enough to generate all the Bell inequalities by exhaustive search. In this paper, we establish a relation between the two-party Bell inequalities for two-valued measurements and a high-dimensional convex polytope called the cut polytope in polyhedral combinatorics. Using this relation, we propose a method, triangular elimination, to derive tight Bell inequalities from facets of the cut polytope. This method gives two hundred million inequivalent tight Bell inequalities from currently known results on the cut polytope. In addition, this method gives general formulas which represent families of infinitely many Bell inequalities. These results can be used to examine general properties of Bell inequalities.
We establish a relation between the two-party Bell inequalities for two-valued measurements and a high-dimensional convex polytope called the cut polytope in polyhedral combinatorics. Using this relation, we propose a method, triangular elimination , to derive tight Bell inequalities from facets of the cut polytope. This method gives two hundred million inequivalent tight Bell inequalities from currently known results on the cut polytope. In addition, this method gives general formulae which represent families of infinitely many Bell inequalities. These results can be used to examine general properties of Bell inequalities.
We show that some two-party Bell inequalities with two-valued observables are stronger than the CHSH inequality for $3\ensuremath{\bigotimes}3$ isotropic states in the sense that they are violated by some isotropic states in the $3\ensuremath{\bigotimes}3$ system that do not violate the CHSH inequality. These Bell inequalities are obtained by applying triangular elimination to the list of known facet inequalities of the cut polytope on nine points. This gives a partial solution to an open problem posed by Collins and Gisin. The results of numerical optimization suggest that they are candidates for being stronger than the I3322{\mathrm{I}}_{3322}I3322​ Bell inequality for $3\ensuremath{\bigotimes}3$ isotropic states. On the other hand, we found no Bell inequalities stronger than the CHSH inequality for $2\ensuremath{\bigotimes}2$ isotropic states. In addition, we illustrate an inclusion relation among some Bell inequalities derived by triangular elimination.
The Grishukhin inequality Gr_7 is a facet of CutP_7, the cut polytope on seven points, which is ``sporadic'' in the sense that its proper generalization has not been known. In this paper, we extend Gr_7 to an inequality I(G,H) valid for CutP_{n+1} where G and H are graphs with n nodes satisfying certain conditions, and prove a necessary and sufficient condition for I(G,H) to be a facet. This result combined with the triangular elimination theorem of Avis, Imai, Ito and Sasaki settles Collins and Gisin's conjecture in quantum theory affirmatively: the I_{mm22} Bell inequality is a facet of the correlation polytope CorP(K_{m,m}) of the complete bipartite graph K_{m,m} for all m>=1. We also extend the Gr_8 facet inequality of CutP_8 to an inequality I'(G,H,C) valid for CutP_{n+2}, and provide a sufficient condition for I'(G,H,C) to be a facet.
In this work, we study a particular class of Bell inequalities involving only direct equality-comparisons of outcomes. In the bipartite case, the scenario can be interpreted as a natural generalization of full-correlator in- equalities (XOR games) beyond binary outputs. We define the sub-polytope of the local polytope corresponding to this scenario and solve it for several bipartite and multipartite scenarios by leveraging some structural prop- erties. In doing so, we obtain thousands of new tight inequalities, many of which are also facets of the standard local polytope. We also define unanimous Bell inequalities, a particular case of the previous class applied to the multipartite setting in which only full-equality events (all outcomes equal) are considered. We show that such inequalities can always be written as deterministic nonlocal games, and we give a simple multipartite unanimous family and prove its local bound. We show that most of these inequalities admit quantum violations, and we also display aspects of their importance for nonlocality. For instance, we identify examples where such inequalities can act as dimension witnesses, outcome witnesses, witnesses of genuine multipartite nonlocality, as well as being relevant to CHSH. These results show that these simple and elegant inequalities by themselves provide a powerful tool for discovering new Bell inequalities and device-independent witnesses.