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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Vortex nucleation in a Bose-Einstein condensate circulating in an anharmonic trapping potential

Seji Kang, Jae-yoon Choi, Sang Won Seo, Yong-il Shin

Published Jun 5, 2014• 0 citations
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A method to produce a spin-dependent rotating potential using near-resonant circularly polarized laser beams is proposed. It is shown that half-quantum vortices are nucleated in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with an antiferromagnetic interaction. In contrast to the vortex nucleation in a scalar BEC, the spin-vortex nucleation occurs at a low rotation frequency ($\ensuremath{\simeq}0.1{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ with ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ being the radial trap frequency) in a short nucleation time $\ensuremath{\simeq}50\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ms}$ without dissipation. A method for nondestructive measurement of half-quantum vortices is discussed.

arXiv:0806.3840•Physical Review A•Oct 6, 2008•10 citations
We present an experimental method for rotating a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in an axisymmetric magnetic potential. This method is based on the anharmonicity of the trapping potential, which couples the center-of-mass motion of the condensate to its internal motion. By circularly shaking the trapping potential, we generate a circular center-of-mass motion of the condensate around the trap center. The circulating condensate undergoes rotating shape deformation and eventually relaxes into a rotating condensate with a vortex lattice. We discuss the vortex nucleation mechanism and, in particular, the role of the thermal cloud in the relaxation process. Finally, we investigate the dependence of the vortex nucleation on the elliptical polarization of the trap shaking. The response of the condensate is asymmetric with respect to the sign of the shaking polarization, demonstrating the gauge-field effect due to the spin texture of the condensate in the magnetic potential.
Vortex nucleation is the key technology to realize quantum gyroscope in Bose-Einstein Condensates (BEC). Through mass investigation and research, the recent research status of vortex nucleation in Bose-Einstein Condensates is presented, the theory and experimentation about imprinting phase, rotating the potential trap and transferring the orbital angular momentum of a photon to generate BEC vortex are analyzed and compared in detail, furthermore, an improved method of rotating the potential trap to generate vortex is proposed. Quantum gyroscope based on BEC vortex has the potential advantages of realizing the ultra high sensitivity and small volume of quantum gyroscope. This paper aims to promote the development of quantum vortex gyroscope, which attracts extensive attention of domestic scholars.
A method to produce a spin-dependent rotating potential using near-resonant circularly polarized laser beams is proposed. It is shown that half-quantum vortices are nucleated in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with an antiferromagnetic interaction. In contrast to the vortex nucleation in a scalar BEC, the spin-vortex nucleation occurs at a low rotation frequency ($\ensuremath{\simeq}0.1{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ with ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ being the radial trap frequency) in a short nucleation time $\ensuremath{\simeq}50\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ms}$ without dissipation. A method for nondestructive measurement of half-quantum vortices is discussed.