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Modification of atomic states in a vertical optical trap near a surface

Riccardo Messina, Sophie Pelisson, Peter Wolf, Marie-Christine Angonin

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
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The mean field for atoms undergoing ground-state collisions in a gravito-optical trap is determined in a fully self-consistent way. The atoms are confined by gravity and one atomic mirror formed by an evanescent laser wave. The vertical density distribution of the trapped Bose gas at zero temperature and the refractive modification of the electromagnetic field are obtained iteratively. In the regime of nearly total internal reflection, the sensitive variation of the evanescent wave with the index of the gas leads to large dipole-dipole shifts. In the limit of a steep evanescent wave and large detuning, ground-state interactions dominate.

Physical Review A•Sep 1, 1997•16 citations
In this paper, we discuss the atomic states in a vertical optical lattice in proximity of a surface. We study the modifications to the ordinary Wannier-Stark states in the presence of a surface, and we characterize the energy shifts produced by the Casimir-Polder interaction between atom and mirror. In this context, we introduce an effective model describing the finite size of the atom in order to regularize the energy corrections. In addition, the modifications to the energy levels due to a hypothetical non-Newtonian gravitational potential as well as their experimental observability are investigated.
We study the lifetime of an atom trapped in an optical vertical lattice in proximity of a massive surface using a complex-scaling approach. We analyze how the presence of the surface modifies the known lifetimes of Wannier-Stark states associated with Landau-Zener tunneling. We also investigate how the existence of a hypothetical short-distance deviation from Newton's gravitational law could affect these lifetimes. Our study is relevant in order to discuss the feasibility of any atomic-interferometry experiment performed near a surface. Finally, the difficulties encountered in applying the complex-scaling approach to the atom-surface Casimir-Polder interaction are addressed.
The mean field for atoms undergoing ground-state collisions in a gravito-optical trap is determined in a fully self-consistent way. The atoms are confined by gravity and one atomic mirror formed by an evanescent laser wave. The vertical density distribution of the trapped Bose gas at zero temperature and the refractive modification of the electromagnetic field are obtained iteratively. In the regime of nearly total internal reflection, the sensitive variation of the evanescent wave with the index of the gas leads to large dipole-dipole shifts. In the limit of a steep evanescent wave and large detuning, ground-state interactions dominate.