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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Vector Electrometry using Rydberg Atom Electromagnetically Induced Transparency

Jonathon A. Sedlacek, Harald K ubler, James P. Shaffer

Published Jun 4, 2013• 0 citations
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It is clearly important to pursue atomic standards for quantities like electromagnetic fields, time, length, and gravity. We have recently shown using Rydberg states that Rb atoms in a vapor cell can serve as a practical, compact standard for microwave electric field strength. Here we demonstrate for the first time that Rb atoms excited in a vapor cell can also be used for vector microwave electrometry by using Rydberg-atom electromagnetically induced transparency. We describe the measurements necessary to obtain an arbitrary microwave electric field polarization at a resolution of 0.5°. We compare the experiments to theory and find them to be in excellent agreement.
The application of magnetic fields for frequency tuning of Autler-Townes (AT) splitting in Rydberg electrometry has been experimentally demonstrated. In this article, we provide a theoretical understanding of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) signals with gradient magnetic fields and demonstrate some advantages of this technology compared to traditional Rydberg electrometry. Our experiments demonstrate that customized Anti-Helmholtz coil configurations enable Zee-man splitting (mJlevel separation) and state dressing in Rydberg atoms, yielding broadband EIT-AT spectra. Additionally, We investigated the response bandwidth of a Rydberg atomic receiver in a superheterodyne architecture. We proposed a gradient vector magnetic field configuration that extends the system’s instantaneous bandwidth to MHz, while achieving a sensitivity of 53nV cm–1Hz–1/2comparable to conventional schemes. Our work is expected to expand the application of Rydberg atoms in multiple fields such as electronic information, communication, and electric field measurement.