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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Characterizing the potential profile of an atom trap using tomographic fluorescence imaging

Edward Moan, Tanwa Arpornthip, Charles A. Sackett

Published Jun 7, 2017• 0 citations
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We have developed a technique to fully characterize an arbitrary potential energy of an atom trap.The characterization allows one to measure the symmetry of the trap, a determining factor in many trapped atom applications.Created through a magneto-optical trap and evaporative cooling, a cold atom cloud is first loaded into our weakly-confined time-orbiting potential (TOP) trap.The whole atom cloud is then optically pumped into a dark state, an energy level that does not interact with the probe laser light.A selected part of the atom cloud is reactivated by a repump light which optically pump the atoms back into a state that can be probed.The repump light is shaped into a light sheet 168 µm thick.The reactivated region interacts with the probe laser light to create a fluorescence image.Since the light sheet is much thinner than the atom cloud, which is roughly 2 mm wide, the fluorescence image obtained is a cross-section of the atom cloud.A movable light sheet allows us to generate crosssection images of the cloud at different positions.A composite image of all the crosssection images shows the complete potential profile of our atom trap.This is similar to tomographic imaging used in medical imaging.We have verified the technique with two other methods: direct oscillation measurement at varying amplitude and numerical simulation of the atom trap.The technique is able to measure the potential up to the fourth-order terms in spatial coordinates.A complete characterization of the atom trap's symmetry will allow us to develop an atomic Foucault pendulum, a novel application for trapped atoms.5.3 Acceptable level of anharmonicity . . . . . . .

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Imaging of Ultracold Atomic Populations in Magneto-optical Traps

Daniel Forman

This research attempted to characterize a magneto-optical trap (MOT) through absorption and fluorescence imaging. During the summer of 2006, work was undertaken in the Remote Sensing Division at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, DC to construct the imaging systems. The fluorescence system measured a trapped atomic population of 8.8 x 10⁶ atoms, while the more accurate absorption system indicated a trapped population of 4.6 x 10⁶ atoms. However, due to the very large imprecision in the fluorescence imaging values, these values are considered to be in agreement with one another, indicating that the imaging systems were functioning. Additional work will allow a time of flight measurement to determine the temperature of the trapped population and the precision of the absorption imaging system. The imaging systems will also be used for analysis of a Bose Einstein Condensate that the laboratory is in the process of creating.

•Jan 1, 2007•1 citation
We have developed a technique to fully characterize an arbitrary potential energy of an atom trap.The characterization allows one to measure the symmetry of the trap, a determining factor in many trapped atom applications.Created through a magneto-optical trap and evaporative cooling, a cold atom cloud is first loaded into our weakly-confined time-orbiting potential (TOP) trap.The whole atom cloud is then optically pumped into a dark state, an energy level that does not interact with the probe laser light.A selected part of the atom cloud is reactivated by a repump light which optically pump the atoms back into a state that can be probed.The repump light is shaped into a light sheet 168 µm thick.The reactivated region interacts with the probe laser light to create a fluorescence image.Since the light sheet is much thinner than the atom cloud, which is roughly 2 mm wide, the fluorescence image obtained is a cross-section of the atom cloud.A movable light sheet allows us to generate crosssection images of the cloud at different positions.A composite image of all the crosssection images shows the complete potential profile of our atom trap.This is similar to tomographic imaging used in medical imaging.We have verified the technique with two other methods: direct oscillation measurement at varying amplitude and numerical simulation of the atom trap.The technique is able to measure the potential up to the fourth-order terms in spatial coordinates.A complete characterization of the atom trap's symmetry will allow us to develop an atomic Foucault pendulum, a novel application for trapped atoms.5.3 Acceptable level of anharmonicity . . . . . . .
We use a near-concentric optical cavity at 1064 nm to generate trapping potentials for cold atoms. The cavity exhibits nondegenerate Hermite-Gaussian modes. Using just a few-milliwatt trap laser power, the cavity readily generates one- and higher-dimensional optical traps that replicate the mode functions. We spectroscopically characterize the optical trapping potentials and laser-cooling limits under continuous loading conditions. We use absorption images to measure atom densities and to compare the spatial profiles of trapped-atom samples with calculated mode functions. Steady-state fluorescence images reveal bright radiation emerging from the ends of the elongated, cavity-trapped atom clouds, providing evidence for radiation guiding.
This research attempted to characterize a magneto-optical trap (MOT) through absorption and fluorescence imaging. During the summer of 2006, work was undertaken in the Remote Sensing Division at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, DC to construct the imaging systems. The fluorescence system measured a trapped atomic population of 8.8 x 10⁶ atoms, while the more accurate absorption system indicated a trapped population of 4.6 x 10⁶ atoms. However, due to the very large imprecision in the fluorescence imaging values, these values are considered to be in agreement with one another, indicating that the imaging systems were functioning. Additional work will allow a time of flight measurement to determine the temperature of the trapped population and the precision of the absorption imaging system. The imaging systems will also be used for analysis of a Bose Einstein Condensate that the laboratory is in the process of creating.