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Acta Physica Sinica

SPONTANEOUS EMISSION OF AN ATOM NEAR THE SURFACE OF A SUPERLATTICE FILM WITH PERIODIC OR QUASI-PERIODIC STRUCTURE

Xiao-shen Li, GONG CHANG-DE, (1)南京大学物理系; (2)中国高等科学技术中心(世界实验室)理论物理中心,南京大学物理系

Published Jan 1, 1988• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The surface-dressed optical Bloch equations and the Maxwell equations are combined consistently to obtain spontaneous decay rates and frequency shifts for an atom near the surface of a superlattice film with periodic or quasi-periodic structure. The effects of the number, thickness and dielectric properties of the layers constructing this film on the spontaneous emission properties are discussed. The results for the two different cases of periodic structure and quasi periodic structure are comparable.

DOI
10.7498/aps.37.618

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The surface-dressed optical Bloch equations and the Maxwell equations are combined consistently to obtain spontaneous decay rates and frequency shifts for an atom near the surface of a superlattice film with periodic or quasi-periodic structure. The effects of the number, thickness and dielectric properties of the layers constructing this film on the spontaneous emission properties are discussed. The results for the two different cases of periodic structure and quasi periodic structure are comparable.
Spontaneous-emission properties and resonance fluorescence for a two-level adatom near the surface of a semi-infinite superlattice with quasiperiodic structure are studied by use of surface-dressed optical Bloch equations and Maxwell's equations. Effects of dielectric properties and the geometric structure of this superlattice on spontaneous-decay rate and frequency shift, resonance-fluorescence spectrum, time evolution of adatomic inversion, and fluctuations of the dipole moment for this adatom are discussed and some novel phenomena are discovered.
We have theoretically investigated the process of spontaneous emission of initially excited two-level atom inside and outside of ultra-thin dielectric film. Dielectric medium is considered as discrete-continuous system of interacting dipoles. For the solution of this boundary problem of quantum optics we use Heisenberg equations for atomic operators. Mode functions of ultra-thin film are calculated by direct solution of integro-differential field equation. Coordinate dependences of excited state life time are analyzed and it is shown that consideration of near-field effect may essentially change spectral properties of the atoms located at small distances from the surface.
We study the spontaneous emission of an atom embedded in a one-dimensional photonic crystal or superlattice using a classical electrodynamic theory of radiation. The rate of emission is a function of the frequency of the emitted photon, the dipole's position and orientation, as well as the geometric and material parameters of the superlattice. The emission spectrum shows an oscillatory behavior which follows the photonic band structure. For TE modes, there are frequency regions where radiative emission is completely prohibited due to the absence of modes with k//>omega/c; the radiation is then TM polarized. In addition to the radiative modes, there are always evanescent modes with k//>omega/c which are waveguided by the dielectric layers. The evanescent contribution to the spontaneous emission is dominant if a dielectric layer is in the near field region of the dipole. For TM modes, emission rates greatly vary for parallel and perpendicular dipole moments. In a photonic crystal with a high filling fraction of the dielectric and perpendicular dipoles located in the low-index layer, the decay rate can be as much as 76 times the free space value for a single atom and 50 times for a gas of atoms. We also find that the rate of emission presents a strong dependence on the atom's position.
By means of the linear response method, the surface-dressed optical Bloch equations (SBE) for atoms absorbed on a solid surface are obtained. These SBE are different from the earlier oxies. The difference-lies in the fact that here the influences of the solid surface on the spontaneous decay rate and the Lamb shift of the adsorbed atoms have been taken into account. Using the SBE and the regression theorem, the resonance fluorescence spectrum for the adatoms are obtained. Through analyzing these spectrum numerically, it is found that the solid surface will exert a significant influences both on the sidebands and peak hights. Namely, when the adatoms approach the surface, the distance between the two sidebands will become larger and the height for each peak will go down until the peaks disappear one by one.