Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Quantum Computing and Information Transfer by Optical Manipulation of Molecular Coherences

Vartkess Ara Apkarian

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

While formally quantum computation has become a rather well defined theoretical science, physical demonstrations are few, limited to several qubits, and to several steps in processing. At present, there is not a recognized, scalable physical method of implementation that meets the promise of true computation. We have proposed nonlinear spectroscopic methods of coherence manipulation, and in particular, Time-Frequency Resolved Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (TFRCARS) in the molecular re-vibronic Hilbert space as a novel scheme for implementing quantum logic. The method has advantages with its demonstrable massive parallelism, therefore well suited for information transfer, while its scalability remains unresolved, both theoretically and with regard to physical implementations. We are actively following the latter, with the concept of an inhomogeneously indexed array of single quantum centers as the physical realization.

Related papers

An Implementation of the Deutsch-Jozsa Algorithm on Molecular Vibronic Coherences Through Four-Wave Mixing: a Theoretical Study

Zsolt Bihary, David R. Glenn, Daniel A. Lidar +1 more

Time-Frequency Resolved Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (TFRCARS) was recently proposed as a means to implement quantum logic using the molecular ro-vibrational manifold as a quantum register [R. Zadoyan et al., Chem. Phys. 266, (2001) 323]. We give a concrete example of how this can be accomplished through an illustrative algorithm that solves the Deutsch-Jozsa problem. We use realistic molecular parameters to recognize that, as the problem size expands, shaped pulses must be tailored to maintain fidelity of the algorithm. Key words: Four-wave mixing, coherent spectroscopy, quantum computing

•Jan 1, 2002•29 citations

Quantum logic gates in iodine vapor using time–frequency resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering: a theoretical study

David R. Glenn, Daniel A. Lidar, Vartkess Ara Apkarian

We present a numerical investigation of the implementation of quantum logic gates through time–frequency resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (TFRCARS) in iodine vapour. A specific scheme is given whereby two qubits are encoded in the tensor product space of vibrational and rotational molecular eigenstates. Single-qubit and controlled-logic gates are applied to test the viability of this encoding scheme. Possible experimental constraints are investigated, including the necessary precision in the timing of successive CARS pulses and the minimum resolution of spectral components within a given pulse. It is found that these requirements can be satisfied by current technology. The two-qubit Grover search is performed to demonstrate the implementation of a sequence of quantum operations. The results of our simulations suggest that TFRCARS is a promising experimental system for simple quantum information processing applications.

Molecular Physics•Mar 31, 2006•12 citations

The manipulation of massive ro-vibronic superpositions using time–frequency-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (TFRCARS): from quantum control to quantum computing

R. Zadoyan, Daniela Kohen, Daniel A. Lidar +1 more

arXiv:physics/0102091•Chemical Physics•May 1, 2001•64 citations

Ultimate resolution limits in coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering imaging

Giacomo Sorelli, Manuel Gessner, Frank Schlawin

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering is a widely used imaging technique that provides chemical contrast without the need for labels, making it an extremely valuable tool in physics, chemistry, and biology. In this work, we explore its fundamental precision limits by applying tools from quantum information theory. We identify optimal measurement strategies and show that spatial mode demultiplexing–a technique already accessible in current experimental setups–can achieve these quantum limits and, in many situations, improve the sensitivity of conventional intensity measurements. Building on this, we introduce an advanced imaging scheme based on vortex beams, which we predict to enhance the image information in the final quantum state of light and thereby lead to even higher resolution and sensitivity. These findings establish a clear path for enhancing nonlinear imaging techniques using concepts from quantum science, bridging the gap between established microscopy methods and the emerging capabilities of quantum technologies.

arXiv:2508.01026•Optica Quantum•May 27, 2026•1 citation

Quantum theory of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering in three-level system

Partha Sarathi Gupta, J. Dash

The optical mixing of sufficiently coherent radiations of frequency (omega) 1 and (omega) 2 inside a suitable molecular medium can result coherent radiation at new frequency (omega) 3 equals [(omega) 1 + ((omega) 1 - (omega) 2)]. If (omega) 1 is kept fixed and (omega) 2 is varied so that a condition (omega) 1 - (omega) 2 equals (omega) is reached where (omega) is a molecular frequency of the medium, then (omega) 3 equals (omega) 1 + (omega) equals 2(omega) 1 - (omega) 2. In this case (omega) 3 coincides with the anti- Stokes Raman frequency associated with the molecular frequency (omega) . This process of coherent anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) is an important nonlinear optical process which provides intense collimated signal beams and is also an excellent spectroscopic tool. CARS being a four-wave mixing process, it is of interest to study the process in multi-level system to obtain a better insight into the problem. In the current paper we investigate the different quantum statistical properties of CARS in a inhomogeneously broadened three-level system based on density-matrix formalism where both the atomic system and the radiation fields are quantised. The photon-statistics, coherence characteristics and the occurrence of anti-bunching of the CARS field, in the steady state, are investigated.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Jun 2, 1994•1 citation

Quantum optical emulation of molecular vibronic spectroscopy using a trapped-ion device

Yangchao Shen, Yao Lu, Kuan Zhang +4 more

as an example. In order to perform reliable Gaussian sampling, we develop the essential experimental technology with phonons, which includes the phase-coherent manipulation of displacement, squeezing, and rotation operations with multiple modes in a single realization. The required quantum optical operations are implemented through Raman laser beams. The molecular spectroscopic signal is reconstructed from the collective projection measurements for the two-phonon-mode. Our experimental demonstration will pave the way to large-scale molecular quantum simulations, which are classically intractable, but would be easily verifiable by real molecular spectroscopy.

arXiv:1702.04859•Chemical Science•Dec 1, 2017•71 citations
While formally quantum computation has become a rather well defined theoretical science, physical demonstrations are few, limited to several qubits, and to several steps in processing. At present, there is not a recognized, scalable physical method of implementation that meets the promise of true computation. We have proposed nonlinear spectroscopic methods of coherence manipulation, and in particular, Time-Frequency Resolved Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (TFRCARS) in the molecular re-vibronic Hilbert space as a novel scheme for implementing quantum logic. The method has advantages with its demonstrable massive parallelism, therefore well suited for information transfer, while its scalability remains unresolved, both theoretically and with regard to physical implementations. We are actively following the latter, with the concept of an inhomogeneously indexed array of single quantum centers as the physical realization.
Time-Frequency Resolved Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (TFRCARS) was recently proposed as a means to implement quantum logic using the molecular ro-vibrational manifold as a quantum register [R. Zadoyan et al., Chem. Phys. 266, (2001) 323]. We give a concrete example of how this can be accomplished through an illustrative algorithm that solves the Deutsch-Jozsa problem. We use realistic molecular parameters to recognize that, as the problem size expands, shaped pulses must be tailored to maintain fidelity of the algorithm. Key words: Four-wave mixing, coherent spectroscopy, quantum computing
We present a numerical investigation of the implementation of quantum logic gates through time–frequency resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (TFRCARS) in iodine vapour. A specific scheme is given whereby two qubits are encoded in the tensor product space of vibrational and rotational molecular eigenstates. Single-qubit and controlled-logic gates are applied to test the viability of this encoding scheme. Possible experimental constraints are investigated, including the necessary precision in the timing of successive CARS pulses and the minimum resolution of spectral components within a given pulse. It is found that these requirements can be satisfied by current technology. The two-qubit Grover search is performed to demonstrate the implementation of a sequence of quantum operations. The results of our simulations suggest that TFRCARS is a promising experimental system for simple quantum information processing applications.
Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering is a widely used imaging technique that provides chemical contrast without the need for labels, making it an extremely valuable tool in physics, chemistry, and biology. In this work, we explore its fundamental precision limits by applying tools from quantum information theory. We identify optimal measurement strategies and show that spatial mode demultiplexing–a technique already accessible in current experimental setups–can achieve these quantum limits and, in many situations, improve the sensitivity of conventional intensity measurements. Building on this, we introduce an advanced imaging scheme based on vortex beams, which we predict to enhance the image information in the final quantum state of light and thereby lead to even higher resolution and sensitivity. These findings establish a clear path for enhancing nonlinear imaging techniques using concepts from quantum science, bridging the gap between established microscopy methods and the emerging capabilities of quantum technologies.
The optical mixing of sufficiently coherent radiations of frequency (omega) 1 and (omega) 2 inside a suitable molecular medium can result coherent radiation at new frequency (omega) 3 equals [(omega) 1 + ((omega) 1 - (omega) 2)]. If (omega) 1 is kept fixed and (omega) 2 is varied so that a condition (omega) 1 - (omega) 2 equals (omega) is reached where (omega) is a molecular frequency of the medium, then (omega) 3 equals (omega) 1 + (omega) equals 2(omega) 1 - (omega) 2. In this case (omega) 3 coincides with the anti- Stokes Raman frequency associated with the molecular frequency (omega) . This process of coherent anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) is an important nonlinear optical process which provides intense collimated signal beams and is also an excellent spectroscopic tool. CARS being a four-wave mixing process, it is of interest to study the process in multi-level system to obtain a better insight into the problem. In the current paper we investigate the different quantum statistical properties of CARS in a inhomogeneously broadened three-level system based on density-matrix formalism where both the atomic system and the radiation fields are quantised. The photon-statistics, coherence characteristics and the occurrence of anti-bunching of the CARS field, in the steady state, are investigated.
as an example. In order to perform reliable Gaussian sampling, we develop the essential experimental technology with phonons, which includes the phase-coherent manipulation of displacement, squeezing, and rotation operations with multiple modes in a single realization. The required quantum optical operations are implemented through Raman laser beams. The molecular spectroscopic signal is reconstructed from the collective projection measurements for the two-phonon-mode. Our experimental demonstration will pave the way to large-scale molecular quantum simulations, which are classically intractable, but would be easily verifiable by real molecular spectroscopy.