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Analysis of the Directional Characteristics of Rydberg Atomic Antennas Based on Superheterodyne Method

Zhiqian Wan, Yuxiao Li, Kai Yang +4 more

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and PropagationJan 1, 20260 citations

Rydberg Atom - Rydberg Atom Dipole-Dipole Potentials

Arne Schwettmann, Jeff Crawford, K. Richard Overstreet +1 more

Bulletin of the American Physical SocietyMay 17, 20061 citation

Dipole–Dipole Interactions of Rydberg Atoms

Thomas F. Gallagher, P. Pillet

Advances in atomic, molecular, and optical physicsJan 1, 2008104 citations

Broadband microwave electric field measurement based on a planar dipole antenna as the local oscillator source

Jiwang Chai, Guixiang Liu, Muhan Zhang +5 more

We propose a superheterodyne microwave electric field measurement scheme based on Rydberg atoms that utilizes a planar dipole antenna as the local oscillator source. By designing a two-dimensional asymmetric dipole antenna, broadband microwave near-field radiation is achieved in the region of 1.7 GHz-9 GHz with return loss less than −10 dB, and the feasibility of using a planar antenna as the local oscillator source has been verified through simulations and experiments. In the experiments, high-sensitivity electric field measurements are performed by using near-field radiation from the planar antenna as local oscillator field for three resonant frequencies, 3.999 GHz, 5.048 GHz, and 7.981 GHz, with an optimal sensitivity of 3.16 µV/cm/Hz1/2. Comparative experiments with a horn antenna as the local oscillator source show that the planar antenna can achieve equivalent measurement sensitivity. Continuous-frequency electric field measurements are also investigated with a planar antenna in the frequency range of 2.5 GHz-9 GHz, and a minimum detectable field strength ranging from 3.16 µV/cm to 25.95 µV/cm is achieved. Our findings provide an alternative design approach for compact superheterodyne Rydberg atomic sensors.We propose a superheterodyne microwave electric field measurement scheme based on Rydberg atoms that utilizes a planar dipole antenna as the local oscillator source. By designing a two-dimensional asymmetric dipole antenna, broadband microwave near-field radiation is achieved in the region of 1.7 GHz-9 GHz with return loss less than −10 dB, and the feasibility of using a planar antenna as the local oscillator source has been verified through simulations and experiments. In the experiments, high-sensitivity electric field measurements are performed by using near-field radiation from the planar antenna as local oscillator field for three resonant frequencies, 3.999 GHz, 5.048 GHz, and 7.981 GHz, with an optimal sensitivity of 3.16 µV/cm/Hz1/2. Comparative experiments with a horn antenna as the local oscillator source show that the planar antenna can achieve equivalent measurement sensitivity. Continuous-frequency electric field measurements are also investigated with a planar antenna in the frequency range of 2.5 GHz-9 GHz, and a minimum detectable field strength ranging from 3.16 µV/cm to 25.95 µV/cm is achieved. Our findings provide an alternative design approach for compact superheterodyne Rydberg atomic sensors.

Optics ExpressJul 21, 20251 citation

Electromagnetic Modeling and Capacity Analysis of Rydberg Atom-Based MIMO System

Shuai Yuan, Xinyi Y. I. Xu, Jinpeng Yuan +5 more

Rydberg atom-based antennas exploit the quantum properties of highly excited Rydberg atoms, providing unique advantages over classical antennas, such as high sensitivity, broad frequency range, and low intrinsic noise. Despite the increasing interests in their applications in antenna and communication engineering, some key properties, involving the lack of polarization multiplexing and isotropic reception without mutual coupling, remain unexplored in the analysis of Rydberg atom-based multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) communications. Generally, the design considerations for any antenna, even for atomic ones, can be extracted to factors, such as radiation pattern, efficiency, and polarization, allowing them to be seamlessly integrated into existing system models. In this letter, we extract the antenna properties from relevant quantum characteristics, enabling electromagnetic modeling and capacity analysis of Rydberg MIMO systems in both far-field and near-field scenarios. Focusing on spatial multiplexing performance under the same signal-to-noise level, our results indicate that Rydberg atom-based antenna arrays offer certain advantages over classical dipole-type arrays in single-polarization MIMO communications.Rydberg atom-based antennas exploit the quantum properties of highly excited Rydberg atoms, providing unique advantages over classical antennas, such as high sensitivity, broad frequency range, and low intrinsic noise. Despite the increasing interests in their applications in antenna and communication engineering, some key properties, involving the lack of polarization multiplexing and isotropic reception without mutual coupling, remain unexplored in the analysis of Rydberg atom-based multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) communications. Generally, the design considerations for any antenna, even for atomic ones, can be extracted to factors, such as radiation pattern, efficiency, and polarization, allowing them to be seamlessly integrated into existing system models. In this letter, we extract the antenna properties from relevant quantum characteristics, enabling electromagnetic modeling and capacity analysis of Rydberg MIMO systems in both far-field and near-field scenarios. Focusing on spatial multiplexing performance under the same signal-to-noise level, our results indicate that Rydberg atom-based antenna arrays offer certain advantages over classical dipole-type arrays in single-polarization MIMO communications.

arXiv:2411.08570IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation LettersMar 10, 202523 citations

Dipole-dipole interaction between cold Rydberg atoms in RF fields

van Linden van den Heuvell

APSMay 1, 20090 citations

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