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Nano-optics and nanophotonics

Resonantly Excited Quantum Dots: Superior Non-classical Light Sources for Quantum Information

Simone Luca Portalupi, Peter Michler

Published Jan 1, 2017• 3 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-319-56378-7_3

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)•Jun 1, 2017•0 citations
Abstract Quantum cryptography harnesses quantum light, in particular single photons, to provide security guarantees that cannot be reached by classical means. For each cryptographic task, the security feature of interest is directly related to the photons’ non-classical properties. Quantum dot-based single-photon sources are remarkable candidates, as they can in principle emit deterministically, with high brightness and low multiphoton contribution. Here, we show that these sources provide additional security benefits, thanks to the tunability of coherence in the emitted photon-number states. We identify the optimal optical pumping scheme for the main quantum-cryptographic primitives, and benchmark their performance with respect to Poisson-distributed sources such as attenuated laser states and down-conversion sources. In particular, we elaborate on the advantage of using phonon-assisted and two-photon excitation rather than resonant excitation for quantum key distribution and other primitives. The presented results will guide future developments in solid-state and quantum information science for photon sources that are tailored to quantum communication tasks.
Hybrid quantum systems are based on the capability to interface elements from complementary fields: only the best properties from all components are utilized, overcoming the limitation of each field. Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are well established as sources of bright, pure and highly indistinguishable on-demand single photons. A crucial limitation is given by the relatively short coherence time. This can be overtaken by interfacing them to alkali atoms, which display a very long coherence time and will benefit from the superior properties of QD-based non-classical light sources. As one example of an efficient QD-to-atom interface, we recently demonstrated the filtering of two consecutive single photons generated from a resonantly excited QD by using a Cs-based Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF). The Mollow triplet sidebands were tuned on resonance with the Cs-D1transition and simultaneously filtered with more than 10 % transmission. All other spectral components were suppressed below the noise level. In the present study, a Cs vapor was used to realize a variable optical delay. A resonantly excited QD is used as a source of on-demand single photons, frequency tuned in between the aforementioned Cs-D1 transition. An extensive study on the effects of vapor temperature on the achievable delay has been conducted using single photons with several different linewidth. A record delay of 28 ns was achieved for almost 100% of the transmitted photons. Autocorrelation measurements revealed that an almost ideal g(2)(0) ≈ 0 is preserved after the interaction with the atomic vapor.