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Acta Polytechnica

Extensions of Effect Algebra Operations

Zdenka Riečanová, M. Zajac

Published Jan 4, 2011• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the set of all positive linear operators densely defined in an infinite-dimensional complex Hilbert space. We equip this set with various effect algebraic operations making it a generalized effect algebra. Further, sub-generalized effect algebras and interval effect algebras with respect of these operations are investigated.
DOI
10.14311/1410

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Let H be a Hilbert space and E(H) the effect algebra on H, that is, E(H) is the set of all self-adjoint operators A: H→H satisfying 0⩽A⩽I. The effect algebra can be equipped with several operations and relations that are important in mathematical foundations of quantum mechanics. Automorphisms with respect to these operations or relations are called symmetries. We present a new method that can be used to describe the general form of such maps. The main idea is to reduce this kind of problem to the study of adjacency-preserving maps. The efficiency of this approach is illustrated by reproving some known results as well as by obtaining some new theorems.
Our basic structure is a finite-dimensional complex Hilbert space HHH. We point out that the set of effects on HHH form a convex effect algebra. Although the set of operators on HHH also form a convex effect algebra, they have a more detailed structure. W introduce sequential products of effect and operations. Although these have already been studied, we introduce the new concept of sequential products of effects with operations and operations with effects. We then consider various special types of operations. After developing properties of these concepts, the results are generalized to include observables and instruments. In particular, sequential products of observables with instruments and instruments with observables are developed. Finally, we consider conditioning and coexistence of observables and instruments.
Abstract A well known fact is that there is a finite orthomodular lattice with an order determining set of states which is not order embeddable into the standard quantum logic, the lattice L(𝓗) of all closed subspaces of a separable complex Hilbert space. We show that a finite generalized effect algebra is order embeddable into the standard effect algebra E(𝓗) of effects of a separable complex Hilbert space iff it has an order determining set of generalized states iff it is order embeddable into the power of a finite MV-chain. As an application we obtain an algorithm, which is based on the simplex algorithm, deciding whether such an order embedding exists and, if the answer is positive, constructing it.
In this chapter we generalize the results of Chapter 2 to infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. So let H be a Hilbert space and let B ( H ) be the set of all bounded operators on H . Here a notable point is that linear operators on finite - dimensional Hilbert spaces are automatically bounded, whereas in general they are not. Thus we impose boundedness as an extra requirement, beyond linearity. This is very convenient, because as in the finite-dimensional case, B ( H ) is a C*-algebra, cf. §C.1. At the same time, assuming boundedness involves no loss of generality whatsoever, since we can alway replace closed unbounded operators by bounded ones through the bounded transform , as explained in §B.21. Nonetheless, even the relatively easy setting of bounded operators leads to some technical complications we have to deal with. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.