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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Quantum Back Action Evading Measurements in a Spin-Mechanics Hybrid System

Rodrigo A. Thomas, Christoffer B. Moeller, Georgios Vasilakis, Emil Zeuthen, Yeghishe Tsaturyan, Kasper Jensen, Albert Schließer, Klemens Hammerer, Eugene Simon Polzik

Published Jan 1, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A back action evading joint quantum measurement of a mechanical and a spin oscillator in the negative mass reference frame is reported and its importance towards a quantum link in hybrid systems is discussed.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_at.2017.jth4g.5

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Quantum mechanics dictates that a measurement without perturbation is not possible. A textbook example is the observation of the position of an object, which imposes a random back action perturbation on the momentum. This randomness translates with time into position uncertainty, thus leading to the well known uncertainty on the measurement of motion. Here we demonstrate that the back action on an oscillator measured in a reference frame of another oscillator with an effective negative mass can be evaded in both position and momentum variables simultaneously. The mechanical oscillator is a millimeter-sized membrane and the reference negative mass oscillator is the collective spin of an atomic ensemble precessing in a magnetic field. Laser light transmitted through the hybrid system of these two disparate oscillators serves as the meter. We first observe the quantum measurement back action on each oscillator. We then demonstrate that back action at the single noise photon level is efficiently suppressed or enhanced depending on the sign of the effective mass of the reference spin oscillator. The two oscillators are separated by one meter but can be placed at a much larger distance as they are interfaced by laser light. The reference spin oscillator is insensitive to gravity and acceleration which can be efficiently detected by the mechanical oscillator in the absence of the measurement back action. The novel hybrid quantum system presented here paves the road to generation of entanglement and distant quantum communication between mechanical and spin systems and to back action free sensing of acceleration and force.