Atom Interferometry in an Optical Cavity and Applications

Matthew Jaffe

M. Dovale Álvarez

P. Nussenzveig

Simon A. Haine, W. Y. Sarah Lau

We theoretically investigate the generation of atom-light entanglement via Raman superradiance in an optical cavity, and show how this can be used to enhance the sensitivity of atom interferometry. We model a realistic optical cavity, and show that by careful temporal shaping of the optical local oscillator used to measure the light emitted from the cavity, information in the optical mode can be combined with the signal from the atom interferometer to reduce the quantum noise, and thus increase the sensitivity. It was found in Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 053002 (2013) that an atomic ``seed'' was required in order to reduce spontaneous emission and allow for single mode behavior of the device. In this paper we find that the optical cavity reduces the need for an atomic seed, which allows for stronger atom-light correlations and a greater level of quantum enhancement.

Justin Brown, Brian Estey, Holger Müller

shaojun gao, guodong xin, qufei wang +2 more

Atom interferometers, as precision gravity sensors, encounter inherent miniaturization challenges due to constraints like interference time and laser pulse intensity. Optical cavities address these limitations through wavefront purification, spatial mode filtering, and resonance-enhanced amplification, significantly enhancing interferometer stability and performance for compact quantum sensing applications. This study develops a fiber-integrated four-mirror cavity locking system based on the Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique combined with modulation transfer spectroscopy (MTS), designed for cavityenhanced Raman resonance control in atom interferometry. The system utilizes a fiber-based electro-optic modulator (EOM) for red-detuned frequency shifting, with MTS stabilization applied to lock the cavity to the +1st-order sideband while maintaining the carrier as the locking beam. A fiber-optic circulator architecture in the PDH feedback loop eliminates environmental disturbances (stray light and vibrations) on dispersion-based error signals. Experimental implementation demonstrates continuous cavity locking for over 2 hours with transmitted power fluctuations below 2%. Validation using pulsed Raman beams (400μs duration) confirms the scheme's compatibility with cavity-enhanced atom interferometry, establishing a methodological framework for multi-beam quantum interference experiments in optical cavity.