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International Conference on Applied and Theoretical Computing and Communication Technology

Robust Quantum Key Distribution based on two level QRNA technique to generate encrypted key

M. Deepthi, G. Murali

Published Jan 1, 2016• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The Privacy is paramount when communicating subtle information, and humans have devised some unusual ways to encode their conversations. The Quantum Key Distribution agrees for the secure transmission of unbreakable encryption keys and it provides a flawless secure coding to solve the problem of key distribution. At present this is more mature application in the field of quantum computing. The fundamental concept of this protocol involves two parties, wishing to exchange a key both with access to a classical public communication channel and a quantum communication channel. The entanglement distillation approach of BB84 is widely used because the act of reading a quantum bit (QuBits) changes the bit, it is difficulty for hackers to interfere without being detected sufficient number of bits. But this technique uses only four directions of electron movements so it is possible to guess the key. To overcome these drawbacks here two level QRNA technique is proposed for security. In first level RNA is applied on plain text after BB84 protocol is applied. This method provides better security than both BB84 protocol and RNA alone.

DOI
10.1109/icatcct.2016.7912035

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The Privacy is paramount when communicating subtle information, and humans have devised some unusual ways to encode their conversations. The Quantum Key Distribution agrees for the secure transmission of unbreakable encryption keys and it provides a flawless secure coding to solve the problem of key distribution. At present this is more mature application in the field of quantum computing. The fundamental concept of this protocol involves two parties, wishing to exchange a key both with access to a classical public communication channel and a quantum communication channel. The entanglement distillation approach of BB84 is widely used because the act of reading a quantum bit (QuBits) changes the bit, it is difficulty for hackers to interfere without being detected sufficient number of bits. But this technique uses only four directions of electron movements so it is possible to guess the key. To overcome these drawbacks here two level QRNA technique is proposed for security. In first level RNA is applied on plain text after BB84 protocol is applied. This method provides better security than both BB84 protocol and RNA alone.
The Privacy is paramount when communicating subtle information, and humans have devised some unusual ways to encode their conversations. The Quantum Key Distribution agrees for the secure transmission of unbreakable encryption keys and it provides a flawless secure coding to solve the problem of key distribution. At present this is more mature application in the field of quantum computing. The fundamental concept of this protocol involves two parties, wishing to exchange a key both with access to a classical public communication channel and a quantum communication channel. The entanglement distillation approach of BB84 is widely used because the act of reading a quantum bit (QuBits) changes the bit, it is difficult for hackers to interfere without being detected sufficient number of bits. But this technique uses only four directions of electron movements so it is possible to guess the key. To overcome these drawbacks here two level QRNA technique is proposed for security. In first level DNA is applied on plain text after BB84 protocol is applied. This method provides better security than both BB84 protocol and DNA alone.
Cryptography is being introduced to secure data. Through Classical Cryptographic technique, we can encrypt our data and secure secret key also. But classical cryptography is based on mathematical techniques where reversing one-way function is possible with sufficient computing power and time. So, Quantum Cryptography is introduced to overcome those drawbacks of traditional classical cryptography. It is based on the values of quantum mechanics and photon. Scientists and researchers have brought up a new key distribution protocol based on Quantum Cryptography is called Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) Protocol. The first QKD protocol BB84 was introduced by Charles Bennett and Gilles Brassard in 1984. After that several QKD protocols have been created. In this paper we have improved BB84 Protocol by removing the drawbacks of the existing algorithm towards Eavesdropping which may not be detected or disclosing large portion of secret key. Steps of the existing BB84 algorithm along with the modified one is described in detail with example and pseudo code. Limitations of BB84 and comparative study of both the existing and the improved one based on their security has been made and described in this current work.
One promising way to use quantum information to secure everyday communication is through the distribution of quantum keys. By exchanging a secret key, the Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) approach allows two parties to communicate securely.BB84 protocol is among the most well-known QKD protocols. In this protocol, qubits are exchanged via a quantum channel between the sender and the receiver. This enables them to produce a shared key that is impenetrable to eavesdroppers and illustrate the fundamental ideas of QKD using current simulations and implementations. The results of this study demonstrate that the BB84 protocol is a highly secure QKD technique that has been investigated in great detail and used in a variety of contexts. Additionally, over the enhancements made to the BB84 protocol such as the use of advanced error correction techniques and decoy states to increase its security and usability is discussed. With an emphasis on the BB84 protocol in secure communication technologies, this study offers an extensive analysis of QKD systems overall.
Security awareness is one of the most pressing topics in today's globe. The idea of cryptography is introduced when the subject is information security. Conventional cryptography-based security techniques rely on the presumption that keys are shared before secure connections. The most crucial factor to consider when integrating cryptographic operations into account when integrating cryptographic operations in with any system is the safe key management strategy required for sending and transferring a secret key between two entities The systems will be vulnerable to bugs and possibly fatal external assaults if the fundamental management methods are poor A method for securely encrypting data sent between parties is quantum cryptography. and spotting eavesdroppers trying to overhear the conversation. Quantum cryptography may be the solution to these issues a quantum cryptography application, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), refers to the production of a cryptographic key with unconditional security assured by physical rules. Quantum cryptography is a kind of encryption. We examine the quantum key exchange protocol (BB84 protocol) in this study and the way that it significantly improves data transfer security when compared to standard encryption techniques. The main objective of quantum cryptography is to offer a trustworthy way to provide a secure method of communication between the intended peers only and to detect the Eavesdropper presence.
Secure communication in cryptographic system, relies on secret key which must be exchanged between a sender and a receiver such that it avoids unauthorized access and can be used to encrypt the plain text and decrypt the cipher text. However, advancement in quantum computing raises concern on the security of information exchanged over the web. As the information on the web is made secure using classical cryptographic mechanisms that are only computationally secure and quantum computers with high computational capability can generate the secrete keys in a very short time. In order to make sure that quantum computers do not breach the security of the network, we need to develop some sort of quantum-resistant mechanisms. Quantum key distribution is one of the quantum-resistant-mechanisms which guarantee secure data communication. It leverages quantum mechanics principles by exchanging the key in quantum states called qubits and any attempt to access the key causes disturbance in the qubits yielding change in their behavior or state, hence signaling the presence of an intruder and making it impossible to be accessed. This paper presents a simulation to establish and exchange secrete keys in quantum environment using BB84 protocol and to determine the efficiency of the system, quantum bit error rate is measured and discussed.
Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a method that enables secure communication between two parties by applying the ideas of quantum physics. By minimizing information leakage that can happen during the key generation process, privacy amplification is a technique used to improve the security of QKD. The technique involves processing the raw key obtained from QKD through a randomization procedure to remove any residual information that may have been leaked during the quantum transmission. While privacy amplification can significantly improve the security of QKD, the effectiveness of the technique is limited by the quality of the initial raw key. The BB84 QKD protocol has been improved with the proposed En-BB84 protocol, which includes built-in authentication and integrity checks. The En-BB84 protocol ensures secure distribution of secret keys and protects against tampering by attackers. Key distillation and error correction techniques are employed to extract a shorter, more secure shared secret key and correct errors introduced during qubit transmission. The protocol utilizes a four-state QKD approach, expanding on the traditional two-state scheme of BB84. A simulation of the En-BB84 protocol is demonstrated using a quantum circuit implemented with Qiskit in Python. The circuit employs various gates and operations, including Hadamard, CX, controlled swap, and RZ gates, to achieve encoding and error correction. Furthermore, we have designed a better protocol with improved error rates by incorporating improvisations on the BB84 protocol. Experimental results indicate the successful integration of the B92 error correction scheme into the modified BB84 protocol, enhancing the security and performance of QKD systems.