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Generalised t-V model in one dimension

Marcin Szyniszewski, Evgeni Burovski

Published Jun 9, 2014• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We use a strong coupling expansion [1] to solve the one-dimensional extended t‑V model of fermions [2,3]. The model is solved for a range of densities, including both commensurate – where a charge density wave is present – and incommensurate densities. The first set consists not only of a trivial case of half filling. The method allows us to trace the transition from a Luttinger liquid phase to a Mott insulating phase. This simple yet powerful method is not based on Bethe ansatz and it works for both integrable and non-integrable systems.References:[1] C.J. Hamer, Phys. Lett. B, 82, 75-78 (1979).[2] G. Gómez-Santos, Phys. Rev. Lett., 70, 3780 (1993).[3] R.G. Dias, Phys. Rev. B, 62, 7791 (2000).

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We employ a strong coupling expansion - similar to the one used in the lattice field theory studies [1] - to solve the one-dimensional extended t-V model of fermions on a lattice [2]. This model is solved for a range of filling factors, including both commensurate - where a charge density wave is present - and incommensurate densities. The first set consists not only of a trivial case of half filling. The method allows us to trace the transition from a Luttinger liquid phase to a Mott insulating phase and calculate the critical parameter K. This simple yet powerful method is not based on Bethe ansatz and it works for both integrable and non-integrable systems. Furthermore, we investigate how tailoring the interaction can introduce other ordered phases of the system [3].References:[1] C.J. Hamer, Phys. Lett. B 82, 75-78 (1979); D.P. Crewther, C.J. Hamer, Nucl. Phys. B 170, 353-368 (1980).[2] G. Gómez-Santos, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 3780 (1993); R.G. Dias, Phys. Rev. B 62, 7791 (2000).[3] P. Schmitteckert, R. Werner, Phys. Rev. B 69, 195115 (2004); T. Mishra et al., Phys. Rev. B 84, 115135 (2011).

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The generalized t-V model in one dimension

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We use a strong coupling expansion [1] to solve the one-dimensional extended t‑V model of fermions [2,3]. The model is solved for a range of densities, including both commensurate – where a charge density wave is present – and incommensurate densities. The first set consists not only of a trivial case of half filling. The method allows us to trace the transition from a Luttinger liquid phase to a Mott insulating phase. This simple yet powerful method is not based on Bethe ansatz and it works for both integrable and non-integrable systems.References:[1] C.J. Hamer, Phys. Lett. B, 82, 75-78 (1979).[2] G. Gómez-Santos, Phys. Rev. Lett., 70, 3780 (1993).[3] R.G. Dias, Phys. Rev. B, 62, 7791 (2000).
We employ a strong coupling expansion - similar to the one used in the lattice field theory studies [1] - to solve the one-dimensional extended t-V model of fermions on a lattice [2]. This model is solved for a range of filling factors, including both commensurate - where a charge density wave is present - and incommensurate densities. The first set consists not only of a trivial case of half filling. The method allows us to trace the transition from a Luttinger liquid phase to a Mott insulating phase and calculate the critical parameter K. This simple yet powerful method is not based on Bethe ansatz and it works for both integrable and non-integrable systems. Furthermore, we investigate how tailoring the interaction can introduce other ordered phases of the system [3].References:[1] C.J. Hamer, Phys. Lett. B 82, 75-78 (1979); D.P. Crewther, C.J. Hamer, Nucl. Phys. B 170, 353-368 (1980).[2] G. Gómez-Santos, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 3780 (1993); R.G. Dias, Phys. Rev. B 62, 7791 (2000).[3] P. Schmitteckert, R. Werner, Phys. Rev. B 69, 195115 (2004); T. Mishra et al., Phys. Rev. B 84, 115135 (2011).
We develop a systematic strong coupling approach for studying an extended t-V model with interactions of a finite range. Our technique is not based on the Bethe ansatz and is applicable to both integrable and non-integrable models. We illustrate our technique by presenting analytic results for the ground state energy (up to order 7 in t/V ), the current density and density-density correlations for integrable and non-integrable models with commensurate filling factors. We further present preliminary numerical results for incommensurate non- integrable models.
The low--energy excited states of a system of interacting one--dimensional fermions in a conducting state are collective charge and spin density oscillations. The unusual physical properties of such a system (called ``Luttinger liquid'') are characterized by the velocities uρu_ρuρ​ and uσu_σuσ​ of the charge and spin excitations, as well as by a parameter KρK_ρKρ​ that determines the power law behavior of correlation functions. Umklapp scattering occuring at half--filling or other commensurate bandfilling can lead to a transition into an insulating state, characterized in particular by a gap in the charge excitations (the Mott--Hubbard gap). The properties in the vicinity of the transition are shown to depend on both the way the transition is approached (constant bandfilling and varying interaction, or constant interaction and varying bandfilling) and on the ``order'' of the commensurability. In particular, even and odd fractional fillings show quite different behavior. This behavior is illustrated in detail using lattice models like the Hubbard model and its extensions.
The one-dimensional extended t-V model of fermions on a lattice is a model with long-range interactions that exhibits a transition between a Luttinger liquid conducting phase and a Mott insulating phase. It is known that by tailoring the potential energy of the insulating system, one can force a phase transition into another insulating phase. We show how to construct all possible charge density wave phases of the system with low critical densities in the atomic limit. Higher critical densities are investigated by a brute-force analysis of the basis of finite systems.
The extended Hubbard model in one dimension is studied for half-filled bands using a continuum theory based on the Luttinger model. Interactions going beyond the Luttinger model are treated with a renormalization group. We compute correlation functions and use these to establish the phase diagram of the model. It compares favorably with earlier numerical work. Specifically, we identify additional interaction terms coupling charge and spin degrees of freedom; one of them is shown to mediate the crossover from a continuous to a first-order transition from spin- to charge-density waves at a finite value of U=2V. Our approach suggests viewing the model on this line as two weakly coupled interpenetrating systems of up-spin and down-spin electrons with strong backscattering interactions favoring charge-density waves separately in each of the subsystems. A first-order transition occurring for attractive interactions is interpreted as a characteristic instability of the Luttinger liquid towards phase separation. We finally discuss a possible equivalence to some recent studies of coupled two-dimensional XY models.
We have obtained the quantum phase diagram of one dimensional extended Bose-Hubbard model using the density-matrix renormalization group and Abelian bosonization methods for different commensurabilities. We describe the nature of different quantum phases at the charge degeneracy point. We find a direct phase transition from Mott insulating phase to superconducting phase for integer band fillings of bosons. We predict explicitly the presence of two kinds of repulsive Luttinger liquid phases, apart from the charge density wave and superconducting phases for half-integer band fillings. Our study reveals that extended range interactions are necessary to get the correct phase boundary of an one-dimensional interacting bosons system.