The absorption properties of degenerate two-level atomic systems tested by a weak probe field in the presence of an intense pump field have been analyzed. The theoretical model previously presented in Phys. Rev. A 61, 013801 (1999) that appears to be suitable for arbitrary choices of the pump intensity, level angular momenta, and pump and probe polarizations, was used for the calculation of the spectra for several basic configurations. Experimental absorption spectra obtained on a Rb atomic beam for different pump and probe field polarizations show good agreement with the calculation. The spectra are in general essentially different from and more complex than the classical Mollow absorption triplet.
We investigate the evolution of the atomic coherence between Zeeman sublevels with $\ensuremath{\Delta}{m}_{F}=2$ in the region between pump and probe laser beams, in a Rb vapor cell using the Hanle configuration. The transmission of the probe beam, placed inside the hollow pump beam, shows the narrowing of the Hanle resonance (at external magnetic field
B=0) by Ramsey fringes whose separation from the central peak depends on the distance between the beams. The temporal evolution of the pump induced alignment is evident from the changes of the probe transmission spectra with increasing the angle between linear polarizations of each beam. Experimental results are in agreement with the results of the model which calculates probe fluorescence by solving time-dependent optical Bloch equations, from the time when atom enters the pump beam to the time when it leaves the probe beam. The results for total excited state populations were averaged over atomic velocities distribution.
We have developed a simple heuristic method for determining the polarization of an optically pumped alkali-metal vapor. A linearly polarized probe beam traverses a vapor cell perpendicular to the pump-beam propagation direction, and the transmitted beam intensity is monitored for orthogonal linear polarizations. As the probe beam is scanned in frequency across the
D1 transition, its linear-polarization-dependent transmission can be used as a measure of the atomic orientation of the vapor. We analyze these transmission differences and their dependence on the alkali-metal number density in the vapor.