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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Electron temperature dependence on DC applied electric fields in ultracold plasmas

Wei‐Ting Chen, Truman Wilson, Jacob Roberts

Published Jun 5, 2012• 0 citations
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Plasma Science and Technology•Jul 6, 2018•2 citations
One of the properties of ultracold plasmas that make them interesting objects of study is that they are cold enough that strong coupling effects can be made manifest at their typical densities. In order to study strong coupling effects, sufficiently low temperatures need to be obtained. In turn, this means that the limitations to the lowest achievable temperatures for the electrons and ions in ultracold plasmas are worth investigating as they determine the degree to which strong coupling can be achieved. In addition, understanding these limitations also illuminates the basic physics of ultracold plasmas. A DC electric field applied during ultracold plasma formation can result in significant heating of the electron component. In the work presented here, we use molecular dynamics simulations to study this heating process and determine its impact as a function of ultracold plasma parameters such as electron temperature and density. We find that this heating can have a significant impact on the lowest achievable temperatures for lower-density ultracold plasmas in particular.
Applying a short electric field pulse to an ultracold plasma induces an electron plasma oscillation. This manifests itself as an oscillation of the electron center of mass around the ion center of mass in the ultracold plasma. In general, the oscillation can damp due to either collisionless or collisional mechanisms, or a combination of the both. To investigate the nature of oscillation damping in ultracold plasmas, we developed a molecular dynamics model of the ultracold plasma electrons. Through this model, we found that depending on the neutrality of the ultracold plasma and the size of an applied DC electric field, there are some parameter ranges where the damping is primarily collisional and some primarily collisionless. We conducted experiments to compare the measured damping rate with theory predictions and found them to be in good agreement. Extension of our measurements to different parameter ranges should enable studies for strong-coupling influence on electron-ion collision rates.
We created an ultracold plasma by photoionizing the laser-cooled and trapped rubidium atoms in a magneto-optical trap. In the externally applied direct current (DC) electric field environment, the electrons which escape from the potential well of the ultracold plasma were detected for different numbers of the ions and initial kinetic energies of the electrons. The results are in good agreement with the calculations, based on the Coulomb potential well model, indicating that the external DC field is an effective tool to adjust the depth of potential well of the plasma, and it is possible to create an ultracold plasma in a controlled manner.