Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Solving Noncomputable Problems Using Quantum-Classical Hybrid.

Michail A. Zak

Published Feb 1, 2017• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The challenge of this paper is to relate quantum-inspired dynamics represented by a self-supervised system, to solutions of noncomputable problems. In the self-supervised systems, the role of actuators is played by the probability produced by the corresponding Liouville equation. Following the Madelung equation that belongs to this class, non-Newtonian properties such as randomness, entanglement, and probability interference typical for quantum systems have been described in [1]. It has been demonstrated there, that such systems exist in the mathematical world: they are presented by ODE coupled with their Liouville equation, but they belong neither to Newtonian nor to quantum physics. The central point of this paper is the application of the self-supervised systems to finding global maximum of functions that is no-where differential, but everywhere continuous (such as Weierstrass functions)

Related papers

Solving NP-Complete Problems by Self-Supervised Dynamics.

Michail A. Zak

The challenge of this paper is to relate quantum-inspired dynamics represented by a self- supervised system, to solutions of noncomputable problems. In the self-supervised systems, the role of actuators is played by the probability produced by the corresponding Liouville equation. Following the Madelung equation that belongs to this class, non- Newtonian properties such as randomness, entanglement, and probability interference typical for quantum systems have been described in [1]. It has been demonstrated there, that such systems exist in the mathematical world: they are presented by ODE coupled with their Liouville equation, but they belong neither to Newtonian nor to quantum physics. The central point of this paper is the application of the self-supervised systems to solve traveling salesman problem.

•Feb 1, 2017•0 citations

Self-Controlled Dynamics

Michail A. Zak

A new class of dynamical system described by ODE coupled with their Liouville equation has been introduced and discussed. These systems called self-controlled, or self-supervised since the role of actuators is played by the probability produced by the Liouville equation. Following the Madelung equation that belongs to this class, non- Newtonian properties such as randomness, entanglement, and probability interference typical for quantum systems have been described. Special attention was paid to the capability to violate the second law of thermodynamics, which makes these systems neither Newtonian, nor quantum. It has been shown that self-controlled dynamical systems can be linked to mathematical models of livings as well as to models of AI. The central point of this paper is the application of the self-controlled systems to NP-complete problems known as being unsolvable neither by classical nor by quantum algorithms. The approach is illustrated by solving a search in unsorted database in polynomial time by resonance between external force representing the address of a required item and the response representing location of this item.

•Jun 1, 2016•0 citations

Intuition-Based ai for Solutions of NP-Complete Problems.

Michail A. Zak

The challenge of this paper is to relate artificial intuition-based intelligence, represented by self-supervised systems, to solutions of NP-complete problems. By self-supervised systems we understand systems that are capable to move from disorder to order without external effort, i.e. in violation of the second law of thermodynamics. It has been demonstrated, [1], that such systems exist in the mathematical world: they are presented by ODE coupled with their Liouville equation, but they belong neither to Newtonian nor to quantum physics since they are capable to violate the second law of thermodynamics. That suggests that machines could not simulate intuition-based intelligence if they are composed only of physical parts, but without digital components. Nevertheless it was found such quantum-classical hybrids, [1], that simulates some of self-supervised systems. The main achievement of this work is a demonstration that self-supervised systems can solve NP-complete problems in polynomial time by replacing an enumeration of exponentially large number of possible choices with a short cut provided by a non-Newtonian and non-quantum nature of self-supervised systems.

•May 1, 2016•0 citations

Quantum-inspired maximizer

Michail A. Zak

The objective of this paper is to create a new kind of dynamical systems—a quantum-classical hybrid—that would preserve superposition and entanglement of random solutions while allowing one to measure their state variables by using classical methods. Such an optimal combination of characteristics is a perfect match for quantum-inspired computing. The model is represented by a modified Madelung equation in which the quantum potential is replaced by a different, specially chosen “computational” potential. As a result, the dynamics attains both quantum and classical properties. Similarities and differences of the proposed model with quantum systems are outlined. As an application, an algorithm for the global maximum of an arbitrary integrable function is proposed. The idea of the proposed algorithms is very simple: based on the quantum-inspired maximizer, introduce a positive function to be maximized as the probability density to which the solution is attracted. Then, the larger value of this function will have the higher probability to appear. Special attention is paid to the simulation of integer programming, NP-complete problems and information retrieval.

Journal of Mathematical Physics•Apr 1, 2008•16 citations

Entanglement in Quantum-Classical Hybrid

Michail A. Zak

It is noted that the phenomenon of entanglement is not a prerogative of quantum systems, but also occurs in other, non-classical systems such as quantum-classical hybrids, and covers the concept of entanglement as a special type of global constraint imposed upon a broad class of dynamical systems. Application of hybrid systems for physics of life, as well as for quantum-inspired computing, has been outlined. In representing the Schroedinger equation in the Madelung form, there is feedback from the Liouville equation to the Hamilton-Jacobi equation in the form of the quantum potential. Preserving the same topology, the innovators replaced the quantum potential with other types of feedback, and investigated the property of these hybrid systems. A function of probability density has been introduced. Non-locality associated with a global geometrical constraint that leads to an entanglement effect was demonstrated. Despite such a quantum like characteristic, the hybrid can be of classical scale and all the measurements can be performed classically. This new emergence of entanglement sheds light on the concept of non-locality in physics.

•Mar 1, 2011•0 citations

Non-Newtonian ai for Solving NP-Complete Problems.

Michail A. Zak

A new kind of dynamics for simulations based upon quantum-classical hybrid is discussed. The model is represented by a modified Madelung equation in which the quantum potential is replaced by different, specially chosen potentials. As a result, the dynamics attains both quantum and classical properties: it preserves superposition and entanglement of random solutions, while allowing one to measure its state variables using classical methods. Such an optimal combination of characteristics is a perfect match for quantum- inspired information processing. In this paper, the retrieval of stored items from an exponentially large unsorted database is performed by quantum-inspired resonance using polynomial resources due to quantum-like superposition effect.

•Feb 1, 2016•0 citations
The challenge of this paper is to relate quantum-inspired dynamics represented by a self-supervised system, to solutions of noncomputable problems. In the self-supervised systems, the role of actuators is played by the probability produced by the corresponding Liouville equation. Following the Madelung equation that belongs to this class, non-Newtonian properties such as randomness, entanglement, and probability interference typical for quantum systems have been described in [1]. It has been demonstrated there, that such systems exist in the mathematical world: they are presented by ODE coupled with their Liouville equation, but they belong neither to Newtonian nor to quantum physics. The central point of this paper is the application of the self-supervised systems to finding global maximum of functions that is no-where differential, but everywhere continuous (such as Weierstrass functions)
The challenge of this paper is to relate quantum-inspired dynamics represented by a self- supervised system, to solutions of noncomputable problems. In the self-supervised systems, the role of actuators is played by the probability produced by the corresponding Liouville equation. Following the Madelung equation that belongs to this class, non- Newtonian properties such as randomness, entanglement, and probability interference typical for quantum systems have been described in [1]. It has been demonstrated there, that such systems exist in the mathematical world: they are presented by ODE coupled with their Liouville equation, but they belong neither to Newtonian nor to quantum physics. The central point of this paper is the application of the self-supervised systems to solve traveling salesman problem.
A new class of dynamical system described by ODE coupled with their Liouville equation has been introduced and discussed. These systems called self-controlled, or self-supervised since the role of actuators is played by the probability produced by the Liouville equation. Following the Madelung equation that belongs to this class, non- Newtonian properties such as randomness, entanglement, and probability interference typical for quantum systems have been described. Special attention was paid to the capability to violate the second law of thermodynamics, which makes these systems neither Newtonian, nor quantum. It has been shown that self-controlled dynamical systems can be linked to mathematical models of livings as well as to models of AI. The central point of this paper is the application of the self-controlled systems to NP-complete problems known as being unsolvable neither by classical nor by quantum algorithms. The approach is illustrated by solving a search in unsorted database in polynomial time by resonance between external force representing the address of a required item and the response representing location of this item.
The challenge of this paper is to relate artificial intuition-based intelligence, represented by self-supervised systems, to solutions of NP-complete problems. By self-supervised systems we understand systems that are capable to move from disorder to order without external effort, i.e. in violation of the second law of thermodynamics. It has been demonstrated, [1], that such systems exist in the mathematical world: they are presented by ODE coupled with their Liouville equation, but they belong neither to Newtonian nor to quantum physics since they are capable to violate the second law of thermodynamics. That suggests that machines could not simulate intuition-based intelligence if they are composed only of physical parts, but without digital components. Nevertheless it was found such quantum-classical hybrids, [1], that simulates some of self-supervised systems. The main achievement of this work is a demonstration that self-supervised systems can solve NP-complete problems in polynomial time by replacing an enumeration of exponentially large number of possible choices with a short cut provided by a non-Newtonian and non-quantum nature of self-supervised systems.
The objective of this paper is to create a new kind of dynamical systems—a quantum-classical hybrid—that would preserve superposition and entanglement of random solutions while allowing one to measure their state variables by using classical methods. Such an optimal combination of characteristics is a perfect match for quantum-inspired computing. The model is represented by a modified Madelung equation in which the quantum potential is replaced by a different, specially chosen “computational” potential. As a result, the dynamics attains both quantum and classical properties. Similarities and differences of the proposed model with quantum systems are outlined. As an application, an algorithm for the global maximum of an arbitrary integrable function is proposed. The idea of the proposed algorithms is very simple: based on the quantum-inspired maximizer, introduce a positive function to be maximized as the probability density to which the solution is attracted. Then, the larger value of this function will have the higher probability to appear. Special attention is paid to the simulation of integer programming, NP-complete problems and information retrieval.
It is noted that the phenomenon of entanglement is not a prerogative of quantum systems, but also occurs in other, non-classical systems such as quantum-classical hybrids, and covers the concept of entanglement as a special type of global constraint imposed upon a broad class of dynamical systems. Application of hybrid systems for physics of life, as well as for quantum-inspired computing, has been outlined. In representing the Schroedinger equation in the Madelung form, there is feedback from the Liouville equation to the Hamilton-Jacobi equation in the form of the quantum potential. Preserving the same topology, the innovators replaced the quantum potential with other types of feedback, and investigated the property of these hybrid systems. A function of probability density has been introduced. Non-locality associated with a global geometrical constraint that leads to an entanglement effect was demonstrated. Despite such a quantum like characteristic, the hybrid can be of classical scale and all the measurements can be performed classically. This new emergence of entanglement sheds light on the concept of non-locality in physics.
A new kind of dynamics for simulations based upon quantum-classical hybrid is discussed. The model is represented by a modified Madelung equation in which the quantum potential is replaced by different, specially chosen potentials. As a result, the dynamics attains both quantum and classical properties: it preserves superposition and entanglement of random solutions, while allowing one to measure its state variables using classical methods. Such an optimal combination of characteristics is a perfect match for quantum- inspired information processing. In this paper, the retrieval of stored items from an exponentially large unsorted database is performed by quantum-inspired resonance using polynomial resources due to quantum-like superposition effect.