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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Superfluidity of Bosons in Optical lattices with Spin-Orbit coupling

Daniel E. Sheehy, Qin-Qin Lü

Published Feb 28, 2012• 0 citations
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Synthetic spin-orbit coupling in ultracold atomic gases can be taken to extremes rarely found in solids. We study a two dimensional Hubbard model of bosons in an optical lattice in the presence of spin-orbit coupling strong enough to drive direct transitions from Mott insulators to superfluids. Here we find phase-modulated superfluids with finite momentum that are generated entirely by spin-orbit coupling. We investigate the rich phase patterns of the superfluids, which may be directly probed using time-of-flight imaging of the spin-dependent momentum distribution.
Synthetic spin-orbit coupling in ultracold atomic gases can be taken to extremes rarely found in solids. We study a two-dimensional Hubbard model of bosons in an optical lattice in the presence of spin-orbit coupling strong enough to drive direct transitions from Mott insulators to superfluids. Here we find phase-modulated superfluids with finite momentum that are generated entirely by spin-orbit coupling. We investigate the rich phase patterns of the superfluids, which may be directly probed using time-of-flight imaging of the spin-dependent momentum distribution.
We study the effects of spin-orbit coupling on the Mott-superfluid transition of bosons in a one-dimensional optical lattice. We determine the strong-coupling magnetic phase diagram by a combination of exact analytic and numerical means. Smooth evolution of the magnetic structure into the superfluid phases is investigated with the density matrix renormalization group technique. Other magnetic phases are seen and phase transitions between them within the superfluid regime are discussed. Possible experimental detection is discussed.