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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Effect of synthetic magnetic fields on quasi-2D gases of bosons

Matthew C. Beeler, Karina Jiménez-García, Lindsay J. LeBlanc, Abigail R. Perry, Ross Williams, Ian B. Spielman

Published Jun 6, 2012• 0 citations
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We show that by modifying the setup of the recent experiment that creates a "Dirac string" one can engineer a quasi-2D spinor Bose-Einstein condensate on a cylindrical surface, with a synthetic magnetic field normal to the surface. Because of the muticonnectivity of the surface, there are two types of vortices (called A and B) with the same vorticity. This is very different from the planar case, which only has one kind of vortex for fixed circulation. As the strength of the synthetic gauge field increases, the ground states will form a necklace of alternating AB vortices surrounding the lateral midpoint of the cylinder, and will split into two A and B necklaces at higher synthetic gauge fields. The fact that even the basic vortex structure of a Bose-Einstein condensate is altered in a cylindrical surface implies that richer phenomena are in store for quantum gases in other curved surfaces.
We study two-component (or pseudospin-1/2) Bose gases in a strong synthetic magnetic field. Using exact diagonalization, we show that a bosonic analog of an integer quantum Hall state with no intrinsic topological order appears at the total filling factor ν=1+1 when the strengths of intracomponent and intercomponent interactions are comparable with each other. This provides a prime example of a symmetry-protected topological phase in a controlled setting of quantum gases. The real-space entanglement spectrum of this state is found to be comprised of counterpropagating chiral modes consistent with the edge theory derived from an effective Chern-Simons theory.