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Photon blockade via quantum interference in a strong coupling qubit-cavity system

Wenwu Deng, Gao‐xiang Li, Hong Qin

Published Mar 14, 2017• 20 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In a coherently-driven nanocavity QED system, the one-photon blockade via quantum interference is investigated by the modified Lindblad master equation and without using the secular approximation as well. Based on the dressed bases of the Rabi Hamiltonian, a modified Lindblad master equation is obtained, which is valid for any arbitrary degree of the qubit-cavity interaction. It is found that the damping coefficients are very sensitive to interaction strength between the qubit and the cavity mode. How to enhance the one-photon blockade by using the quantum interference effect is discussed with the generalized second-order correlation function and the second-order perturbation in the five-state truncation of the Hilbert space. It is found that, under suitable pump or detection conditions, a strong one-photon blockade can be realized by completely eliminating the two-photon emission. Moreover, even for a strong cavity damping rate, there exhibits a large number of cavity photons by utilizing the quantum interference mechanism.

DOI
10.1364/oe.25.006767

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•Mar 18, 2018•1 citation
In a coherently-driven nanocavity QED system, the one-photon blockade via quantum interference is investigated by the modified Lindblad master equation and without using the secular approximation as well. Based on the dressed bases of the Rabi Hamiltonian, a modified Lindblad master equation is obtained, which is valid for any arbitrary degree of the qubit-cavity interaction. It is found that the damping coefficients are very sensitive to interaction strength between the qubit and the cavity mode. How to enhance the one-photon blockade by using the quantum interference effect is discussed with the generalized second-order correlation function and the second-order perturbation in the five-state truncation of the Hilbert space. It is found that, under suitable pump or detection conditions, a strong one-photon blockade can be realized by completely eliminating the two-photon emission. Moreover, even for a strong cavity damping rate, there exhibits a large number of cavity photons by utilizing the quantum interference mechanism.
We propose an experimental scheme to implement a strong photon blockade with a single quantum dot coupled to a nanocavity. The photon blockade effect can be tremendously enhanced by driving the cavity and the quantum dot simultaneously with two classical laser fields. This enhancement of photon blockade is ascribed to the quantum interference effect to avoid two-photon excitation of the cavity field. Comparing with Jaynes-Cummings model, the second-order correlation function at zero time delay g((2))(0) in our scheme can be reduced by two orders of magnitude and the system sustains a large intracavity photon number. A red (blue) cavity-light detuning asymmetry for photon quantum statistics with bunching or antibunching characteristics is also observed. The photon blockade effect has a controllable flexibility by tuning the relative phase between the two pumping laser fields and the Rabi coupling strength between the quantum dot and the pumping field. Moreover, the photon blockade scheme based on quantum interference mechanism does not require a strong coupling strength between the cavity and the quantum dot, even with the pure dephasing of the system. This simple proposal provides an effective way for potential applications in solid state quantum computation and quantum information processing.
The output incoherent spectrum and the photon blockade for the two-photon near-resonant excitation are numerically investigated by using the modified theories which are valid for an arbitrary degree of the qubit-cavity interaction. Owing to the effects of strong coupling of the system, the relaxation coefficients of the system are very sensitive to the coupling strength between the qubit and the cavity mode, which results in the redistribution of the populations and the appearance of the population inversion between the ground state and the first excited state, and it is demonstrated by the intensity of the output incoherent spectrum. The redistribution of the populations leads to one cascaded decay channel being weakened and the other possibly being enhanced significantly. Moreover, by adjusting the detuning between the qubit and the cavity mode, the phenomenon of the intercrossing in the energy levels appears. Through choosing the proper two-photon near-resonant excitation of the external classical driving field, the strong-coupling qubit-cavity system effectively causes one cascaded decay channel to realize the two-photon blockade. It is shown that the two-photon blockade can be further enhanced by one cascaded decay channel.
We theoretically study the quantum-interference-induced photon blockade and antiblockade phenomenon in an atom-cavity QED system, where the destructive [constructive] interference between two different transition pathways prohibits [enhances] two-photon excitation. To begin with, we study a single-atom--cavity QED system where the atom or cavity is driven by a coherent pump field. We show that the cavity-driven case will lead to the quantum-interference-induced photon blockade under a specific condition, but such an interference-induced photon blockade cannot be realized in the atom-driven case. This is an important consequence of the pathways possible for the two types of drives. Then, we investigate the two-atom case, and find that an additional transition pathway appears in the atom-driven case. We show that this additional transition pathway results in the quantum-interference-induced photon blockade only when the atomic resonant frequency is different from the cavity mode frequency otherwise antiblockade occurs. Moreover, in this case, the condition for realizing the interference-induced photon blockade is independent of the system's intrinsic parameters, which can be used to generate antibunched photons in both weak and strong coupling regimes.
We theoretically study a quantum destructive interference (QDI)-induced photon blockade in a two-qubit driven cavity quantum electrodynamics system with dipole–dipole interaction (DDI). In the absence of dipole–dipole interaction, we show that a QDI-induced photon blockade can be achieved only when the qubit resonance frequency is different from the cavity mode frequency. When DDI is introduced the condition for this photon blockade is strongly dependent upon the pump field frequency, and yet is insensitive to the qubit–cavity coupling strength. Using this tunability feature we show that the conventional energy-level-anharmonicity-induced photon blockade and this DDI-based QDI-induced photon blockade can be combined together, resulting in a hybrid system with substantially improved mean photon number and second-order correlation function. Our proposal provides a nonconventional and experimentally feasible platform for generating single photons.
We present an all-fiber emitter-cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) scheme which makes it possible to realize the strong photon blockade phenomenon in the strong coupling regime. To begin with, we study the emitter-cavity system where the two-level emitter and cavity are driven by a laser field under different driving strengths, respectively. Then, we theoretically derive that through driving the single-mode nanofiber cavity and a single two-level emitter simultaneously with two classical fields, the photon antibunching effect and the intracavity mean photon number will be tremendously enhanced. Compared with the systems driving an emitter or the cavity, respectively, the second-order correlation function at zero time decay g(2)(0){g}^{(2)}(0)g(2)(0) in our system can reach the minimum value as 0.0003, which is much smaller than a single-emitter-cavity QED system of emitter drive or cavity drive. In particular, under the condition of quantum interference model, the strong phenomenon of photon antibunching can be flexibly reached by controlling of the intensity relationship between the dual-pumping fields in the strong coupling regime. Our proposal can be achieved in the near future and has great potential applications in high-quality single-photon sources and quantum communication processing.
We study the photon blockade effect in a coupled cavity system, which is formed by a linear cavity coupled to a Kerr-type nonlinear cavity via a photon-hopping interaction. We explain the physical phenomenon from the viewpoint of the conventional and unconventional photon blockade effects. The corresponding physical mechanisms of these two photon blockade effects are based on the anharmonicity in eigenenergy spectrum and the destructive quantum interference between two different transition paths, respectively. We find that the quantum interference effect also exists in the conventional photon blockade regime. Our results are confirmed by analytically and numerically solving the quantum master equation and calculating the second-order correlation function of the cavity fields. This model is general and hence it can be implemented in various experimental setups such as coupled optical cavities, coupled photon-magnon systems, and coupled superconducting resonators. We present some discussions on the experimental implementation.