When the density of a nuclear system is decreased, homogeneous states undergo the so-called Mott transition towards clusterized states, e.g., $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ clustering, both in nuclei and in nuclear matter. Here we investigate such a quantum phase transition (QPT) by using microscopic energy density functional calculations with with the relativistic and the Gogny approaches on the diluted
16O nucleus. The evolution of the corresponding single-particle spectrum under dilution is studied, and a Mott-like transition is predicted at about 1/3 of the saturation density. A complementary study of quartet condensation and the corresponding macroscopic QPT is undertaken in infinite matter.
We derive three-body equations valid at finite densities and temperatures. The equations are based on the cluster mean field approach consistently including proper self-energy corrections and Pauli blocking. As an application we investigate the binding energies of triton and determine the Mott densities and momenta relevant for a many particle description of nuclear matter in a generalized Beth-Uhlenbeck approach. The method, however, is not restricted to nuclear physics problems but may also be relevant, e.g., to treat three-particle correlations in weakly doped semiconductors or strongly coupled dense plasmas.