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Acta Physica Sinica

DYNAMIC STARK EFFECT ON THE DYNAMICAL BEHAVIORS OF ATOM AND FIELD IN TWO-PHOTON PROCESSES

Lin-sheng He, 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所

Published Jan 1, 1989• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The dynamic Stark effect on the dynamical behaviors of atom and squeezed state field in-two-photon processes is studied by a model consisting of an effective two-level atom with multiple levels and quantized field with single mode. The dynamic Stark effect will cause the decreasing of the revival amplitude and the shortening of the period of the atomic Rabi osoillation of inversion, and the increasing the speed of energy exchange of an atom with the field. This is favorable to the enhancement of the photon antibunching and the narrowing of the Poisson distribution of photons. However, it will make the squeezing of field to decrease, even disappear.

DOI
10.7498/aps.38.1927

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The dynamic Stark effect on the dynamical behaviors of atom and squeezed state field in-two-photon processes is studied by a model consisting of an effective two-level atom with multiple levels and quantized field with single mode. The dynamic Stark effect will cause the decreasing of the revival amplitude and the shortening of the period of the atomic Rabi osoillation of inversion, and the increasing the speed of energy exchange of an atom with the field. This is favorable to the enhancement of the photon antibunching and the narrowing of the Poisson distribution of photons. However, it will make the squeezing of field to decrease, even disappear.
In this thesis, we investigate the effect of the dynamical Stark shift on the quantum electrodynamics of an atom undergoing two-photon transitions, interacting with a quantized radiation field in an ideal cavity. To begin with, we discuss the dynamics of the electromagnetic field and the atom in the presence of the Stark shift. We derive closed expressions for the second-order coherence function, quadrature variances, atomic population inversion and dipole squeezing under the approximation of a large initial photon number and coherent or squeezed field input. We show that for an atom initially in the ground state, the inclusion of Stark shift reduces the field squeezing as well as the antibunching. Both the population inversion and the dipole squeezing exhibit phase sensitivity in the presence of Stark shift and for a particular choice of the relative phase of the two atomic levels "trapping" occurs in a two-level atom and the dipole is modified in such a way that it is permanently squeezed. We then discuss the effect of the stark shift on the emission spectrum of an atom and the cavity field spectrum. The inclusion of Stark shift results in asymmetric vacuum field Rabi splitting. We also study the dynamics of the combined atom-field wave function in the presence of the Stark shift and show that both the electromagnetic field and the atom periodically evolve to pure states which are radically different from those in the absence of the Stark shift. Finally, we study the nondegenerate two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model (NTPJCM) in the presence of the Stark shift and show that the dynamics of the NTPJCM in the presence of Stark shift is qualitatively different from the case of the absence of the Stark shift and radically different from the case of degenerate two-photon JCM in the presence of Stark shift.
We study the dynamical poperties of atoms and field under the interaction of pair coherent state with two two-level atoms, and discuss how they are modified by dipole-dipole interaction. The numerical results show that the degrees and the revivals of the squeezing as well as the sum-squeezing of the field decrease with increasing dipole-dipole interaction. When the difference in the number of photons q increases, the degrees and the revivals of the squeezing as well as the sum-squeezing of the field decrease, the nonclassical correlation between two modes get weaker, the sub-Poissonian distribution for mode 1 get wider, and that for mode 2 becomes narrower in the collapse region. The increase in q results in speeding up of the energy exchange between atoms and the two-mode light field.
We study the entanglement properties of two three-level Rydberg atoms passing through a single-mode cavity. The interaction of an atom with the cavity field allows the atom to make a transition from the upper most (lower most) to the lower most (upper most) level by emission (absoprtion) of two photons via the middle level. We employ an effective Hamiltonian that describes the system with a Stark shifted two-photon atomic transition. We compute the entanglement of formation of the joint two-atom state as a function of Rabi angle gtgtgt. It is shown that the Stark shift can be used to enhance the magnitude of atomic entanglement over that obtained in the resonant condition for certain parameter values. We find that though the two-atom entanglement generally diminishes with the increase of the two-photon detuning and the Stark shift, it is possible to sustain the entanglement over a range of interaction times by making the detuning and the Stark shift compensate each other. Similar characteristics are obtained for a thermal state cavity field too.
By considering the dynamic Stark shift,the effects of dynamic Stark shift of level and the squeezed light field factorsγon the fidelity of quantum state are discussed.It is shown that the evolutions of the fidelity obviously exhibit the oscillations of quantum collapse and revival.Taking the Stark shift into consideration,a comparative study of the two processes for the fidelity is presented.The fidelities of the atom,the field and the system are higher than those in the absence of the dynamic Stark shift when manipulating and communicating quantum information.Meanwhile,the periodicities of the fidelity evolutions of atom,field and the system are modulated by the intensity of the initial light field,and the impulse of the oscillation of fidelity for the field become smaller.The energy between field and atom is influenced by the squeezed light field factors.
The two-photon absorption process is studied by considering the interaction of a quantized single-mode field with an effective two-level atom through intermediate states. The equations of motion of the coupled atom–field probability amplitudes for the effective two-level atom are obtained after adiabatically eliminating the intermediate states. These equations are then solved in the rotating-wave approximation. The time constants associated with the Rabi oscillation, collapse, and revival of the atomic inversion are derived, and the photon statistics are discussed with special reference to photon antibunching.
We have investigated the interaction between a one-mode coherent field and a two-level atom. The interaction is multi-photon processes and the Stark shift and the number operator are taken into account. We obtained the wave function when the atom is initially in a superposition state. The effects of the number operator and the dynamic Stark shift on the sub-poissonian distribution, amplitude-squared squeezing and the Q -function for two-photon processes are investigated. The results show that these phenomena are affected by the presence of these parameters.