Quantum currency: No safe bets

Bhaskar Roberts

Jamolova Gulbanbegim Muzaffar qizi, Maloxat Axmedova, Feruzaxon Odilova +4 more

The growing risk of quantum computing means that criminals will find it needless to adopt quantum-safe solutions, specifically in protecting the Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) and economic infrastructures. The present paper suggests a Quantum-Safe Cryptographic Framework as a combination of Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) and Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) to provide security to financial transactions. The paper describes the main architecture, that is, three layers: Cryptographic Primitive, Secure Communication and Key Management, and Application Layer, where quantum-safe algorithms such as Kyber (ML-KEM) are used to encrypt information and Dilithium is used to sign it. The major statistical implications are that the quantum-safe framework versus classical RSA/ECC systems leads to the reduction of throughput (850 TPS vs. 1000 TPS) and the increase of latency (54 ms vs. 45 ms) by 15 and 20 %, respectively. The computational cost of PQC algorithms also increases by 25 % and 1.5 J in the quantum-safe system and 1.2 J in the classical system, respectively. In spite of these trade-offs, the quantum-safe framework offers the much-needed protection against quantum threats, which proves that it is possible to protect digital financial infrastructures. The migration plan (the Sandwich Approach) proposed would enable seamless implementation of PQC with old systems throughout the transition process, such that the system remains stable and operational. Future work will involve optimization of PQC algorithms to minimize the performance overhead and look into Quantum Money and AI-based detection systems to detect cyber threats caused by quantum. This paper highlights the importance of urgent adoption of quantum-resistant systems to protect the future of national financial systems.

한양대학교 박사과정, MyeongSu Choi, Chanyoung Eom +1 more

R. Indumathi, P. Mathivanan, D. Mohanapriya +1 more

The convergence of quantum artificial intelligence and online protection presents huge ramifications for Bitcoin, digital currencies, and blockchain-based monetary frameworks. Quantum figuring's capability to change information handling could emphatically improve decision-production inside blockchain networks This raises the pressing requirement for quantum-safe cryptography to shield blockchain innovation from potential quantum assaults. The solidness and security of blockchain-based monetary frameworks could be in danger, requiring administrative structures to address arising dangers. The discoveries likewise show the digital dangers and weaknesses that advance with blockchain innovation improvements. This investigation additionally features the PC security research community's weaknesses and gives future exploration aspects that are critical for planning secure blockchain applications and stages.

Roy Radian, Or Sattath

Anne Broadbent, Raza Ali Kazmi, Cyrus Minwalla

A digital currency is money in a digital form. In this model, maintaining integrity of the supply is a core concern, therefore protections against double-spending are often at the heart of a secure digital money scheme. Quantum money exploits the quantum mechanical principle of no-cloning to enable a currency that is immune to double spending. One of the challenges of the scheme is that users require technology that is currently out of reach. Here, we propose a model for quantum currency, which alleviates the need for quantum wallets by delegating quantum storage and processing to an intermediary that we call a quantum vault. We develop the basic building blocks of this quantum-enabled digital currency and discuss its benefits and challenges.