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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Tunable photon statistics in a non-Hermitian system

Somayeh Shakeri, Mohammad Hossein Zandi, Alireza Bahrampour

Published Feb 8, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In the present study, the antibunching effect is considered in a parity time (PT)-symmetric system, using the recently proposed non-Hermitian model for resonant cavities. The model consists of a cavity coupled to an optomechanical system by a chiral mirror, with both cavities being driven coherently. The nonreciprocal coupling strength between the two cavities leads to the generation of the non-Hermitian but PT-symmetric model. The optimal conditions of strong antibunching are calculated in this system, and then the antibunching effect is considered using the two-photon correlation function and the Wigner function. The results showed that this model presented the best control over the strong antibunching effect by tuning the nonreciprocal coupling strength between the cavities, the strength ratio between the two fields, and nonlinearity strength—an outcome inaccessible by the Hermitian system.

DOI
10.1364/josab.34.000566

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In the present study, the antibunching effect is considered in a parity time (PT)-symmetric system, using the recently proposed non-Hermitian model for resonant cavities. The model consists of a cavity coupled to an optomechanical system by a chiral mirror, with both cavities being driven coherently. The nonreciprocal coupling strength between the two cavities leads to the generation of the non-Hermitian but PT-symmetric model. The optimal conditions of strong antibunching are calculated in this system, and then the antibunching effect is considered using the two-photon correlation function and the Wigner function. The results showed that this model presented the best control over the strong antibunching effect by tuning the nonreciprocal coupling strength between the cavities, the strength ratio between the two fields, and nonlinearity strength—an outcome inaccessible by the Hermitian system.
We study the photon statistics of symmetric and antisymmetric modes in a photonic molecule consisting of two linearly coupled nonlinear cavity modes. Our calculations show that strong photon antibunching of both symmetric and antisymmetric modes can be obtained even when the nonlinearity in the photonic molecule is weak. The strong antibunching effect results from the destructive interference between different paths for two-photon excitation. Moreover, we find that the optimal frequency detunings for strong photon antibunching in the symmetric and antisymmetric modes are linearly dependent on the coupling strength between the cavity modes in the photonic molecule. This implies that the photonic molecules can be used to generate tunable single-photon sources by tuning the values of the coupling strength between the cavity modes with weak nonlinearity.
We theoretically investigate the photon statistics in a cavity quantum electrodynamics system of a single quantum dot coupled to a bimodal nanocavity. It is shown in a recent work [A. Majumdar, M. Bajcsy, A. Rundquist, and J. Vu\ifmmode \check{c}\else \v{c}\fi{}kovi\ifmmode \acute{c}\else \'{c}\fi{}, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 183601 (2012)] that the system can generate strongly sub-Poissonian light when one of the cavity modes is driven coherently and resonantly. We study the two-mode coherent driving regime of the coupled system. The effect of additional cavity mode driving on statistical characteristics of photon emission is presented by evaluating the zero-delay second-order correlation function g2{g}^{2}g2(0). The antibunching character can be optimized by regulating the ratio between driving strengths of two cavity modes to achieve optimal combination of superbunched and coherent light. As a result g2{g}^{2}g2(0) can be reduced up to several orders of magnitude [g2{g}^{2}g2(0)$\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\sim}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}101010{}^{\ensuremath{-}7}]withpropersystemparameters,comparedwiththeone−modedrivingsystem[] with proper system parameters, compared with the one-mode driving system []withpropersystemparameters,comparedwiththeone−modedrivingsystem[{g}^{2}(0)(0)(0)\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\sim}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}$0.1].
The proposal for single-photon generation utilizing quantum interference of two coupled cavity modes with weak Kerr nonlinearity under resonant coherent driving has been successfully put forward in previous work [T. C. H. Liew and V. Savona, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 183601 (2010)]. Here we suggest an alternative scheme to explore the statistical properties of the photons and their control in a parametrically amplified photonic molecule that is composed of a pair of coupled cavities, both containing the degenerate optical parametric amplifier (DOPA), by means of extending the model of Liew and Savona. Due to the destructive quantum interference effect between different paths for two-photon excitation, the photons in both cavity modes can exhibit a strong antibunching effect when one of the two cavities is coherently driven by an external laser field. In order to intuitively understand the strong photon antibunching phenomenon occurring in our DOPA photonic molecule, the approximate analytical solutions of the system are provided via the Schr\"odinger equation and further are compared with the full numerical solutions via the master equation. The in-depth results reveal that the two solutions are in good agreement. For the two cavity modes, we achieve the optimal antibunching conditions in terms of the nonlinear gain and the strength ratio between the two pump laser fields based on analytical calculations, gaining deep insight into the rich physics of photon statistics. We also show that the statistical properties of the photons can be well controlled by regulating the relative phase between the two pump laser fields and the tunneling rate between the two cavity modes. Furthermore, we address the second-order cross-correlation function between the two cavity modes and find that a strong intermodal antibunching can be efficiently generated. Our approach via the DOPA photonic molecule architecture can be useful to generate tunable single-photon sources or controlled photonic quantum gates.
In recent studies [Liew et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 183601 (2010); Bamba et al., Phys. Rev. A 83, 021802(R) (2011)], due to destructive interference between different paths for two-photon excitation, strong photon antibunching can be obtained in a photonic molecule consisting of two coupled cavity modes with weak Kerr nonlinearity when one of the cavity modes is driven resonantly. Here, we study the photon statistics in a nonlinear photonic molecule with both the two cavity modes being driven coherently. We show that the statistical properties of the photons can be controlled by regulating the strength ratio and the relative phase between the two driving fields. The photonic molecules with two driven modes can be used to generate tunable single-photon sources or controlled photonic quantum gates with weak Kerr nonlinearity.
We study photon blockade and antibunching in the cavity of an optomechanical system in which the mechanical resonator is coupled to a two-level system (TLS). In particular, we analyze the effects of the coupling strength (to the mechanical mode), transition frequency, and decay rate of TLS on the photon blockade. The statistical properties of the cavity field are affected by the TLS, because the TLS changes the energy-level structure of the optomechanical system via dressed states formed by the TLS and the mechanical resonator. We find that the photon blockade and tunneling can be significantly changed by the transition frequency of the TLS and the coupling strength between the TLS and the mechanical resonator. Therefore, our study provides a method to tune the photon blockade and tunneling using a controllable TLS.
We propose a scheme of photon blockade in a system comprising of coupled cavities embedded in Kerr nonlinear material, where two cavities are driven and dissipated. We analytically derive the exact optimal conditions for strong photon antibunching, which are in good agreement with those obtained by numerical simulations. We find that conventional and unconventional photon blockades have controllable flexibilities by tuning the strength ratio and relative phase between two complex driving fields. Such unconventional photon-blockade effects are ascribed to the quantum interference effect to avoid two-photon excitation of the coupled cavities. We also discuss the statistical properties of the photons under given optimal conditions. Our results provide a promising platform for the coherent manipulation of photon blockade, which has potential applications for quantum information processing and quantum optical devices.