Secure summation is one of the most applicable functions of secure multiparty computation (MPC) in which a group of users securely computes the summation value of their private inputs. The current solutions to this problem are basically on adding a random number to private inputs or splitting the inputs among users which need secure channel among members. Moreover, to be resistant against collusion of n − 2 players, they impose high communication cost. In this paper, we propose three cryptography-based protocols for secure sum that do not need secure channel and are secure against collusion of n − 2 players. Also, the communication cost of the proposed protocols is of complexity O(n). Based on the privacy requirements, the proposed protocols can provide the final result privacy as well as the private input privacy.
Secure summation is one of the most applicable functions of secure multiparty computation (MPC) in which a group of users securely computes the summation value of their private inputs. The current solutions to this problem are basically on adding a random number to private inputs or splitting the inputs among users which need secure channel among members. Moreover, to be resistant against collusion of n − 2 players, they impose high communication cost. In this paper, we propose three cryptography-based protocols for secure sum that do not need secure channel and are secure against collusion of n − 2 players. Also, the communication cost of the proposed protocols is of complexity O(n). Based on the privacy requirements, the proposed protocols can provide the final result privacy as well as the private input privacy.
Secure summation is one of the most applicable functions of secure multiparty computation (MPC) in which a group of users securely computes the summation value of their private inputs. The current solutions to this problem are basically on adding a random number to private inputs or splitting the inputs among users which need secure channel among members. Moreover, to be resistant against collusion of n − 2 players, they impose high communication cost. In this paper, we propose three cryptography-based protocols for secure sum that do not need secure channel and are secure against collusion of n − 2 players. Also, the communication cost of the proposed protocols is of complexity O(n). Based on the privacy requirements, the proposed protocols can provide the final result privacy as well as the private input privacy.
With the recent development in quantum computers, the classical cryptographic tools may need to be upgraded and ensure that they must be quantum resistant. Secure multiparty is one of the important cryptographic protocols, with this a team of n-players can jointly compute a function, in such a way that the input of the function will be anonymous. In this paper, we have proposed a secure multiparty summation protocol for multiparty computation in a distributed environment. In this protocol out of n, the initiator selects k players, which will compute partial summation and send these partial results to the initiator. Here the initiator plays an important role and members elect the initiator by a voting function.
Abstract Secure Multiparty Computation (MPC) is a cryptography technique that allows multiple parties to securely perform operations on their private inputs without revealing them. It is used in various applications, such as data aggregation in the cloud, IoT, etc., where data privacy is the prime concern. Many researchers have explored ways to develop secure protocols with minimal risk of data leakage. Many of these classical secure MPC protocols depend on classical random number generators. However, advances in quantum information processing are putting classical key distribution methods at risk. Traditional summation protocols adopt an ((n,n)) threshold approach, requiring the participation of all (n) players to compute the sum securely. However, the proposed quantum secure multiparty computation based on secure summation and QKD (QSMPC-SSQKD) introduces a generalised quantum secure multiparty summation protocol. The proposed protocol utilises entanglement, a fundamental property of quantum mechanics, to facilitate safe key exchange, thereby ensuring robust security measures. We use a quantum random number generator (QRNG) to generate true random numbers, ensuring privacy preservation. The protocol achieves a per-bit entropy level of 0.708 through QRNG, which provides strong randomness. The security of the proposed protocol is validated using the CHSCH test ((B≈2.8)), ensuring that any attempt to eavesdrop on the system can be detected, and the complete process will be rescheduled. Compared to some similar protocols, the proposed QSMPC-SSQKD protocol provides higher randomness and lower quantum circuit cost without using any trusted third party (TTP). This improvement enhances the protocol’s efficiency and practicality in preventing data leakage during computation.
The summation and multiplication are two basic operations for secure multiparty quantum computation. The existing secure multiparty quantum summation and multiplication protocols have (n, n) threshold approach and their computation type is bit-by-bit, where n is total number of players. In this paper, we propose two hybrid (t, n) threshold quantum protocols for secure multiparty summation and multiplication based on the Shamir's secret sharing, SUM gate, quantum fourier transform, and generalized Pauli operator, where t is a threshold number of players that can perform the summation and multiplication. Their computation type is secret-by-secret with modulo d, where d, n ≤ d ≤ 2n, is a prime. The proposed protocols can resist the intercept-resend, entangle-measure, collusion, collective, and coherent quantum attacks. They have better computation as well as communication costs and no player can get other player's private input.
Abstract Quantum secure multiparty computation occupies an important place in quantum cryptography. Based on access structure and linear secret sharing, we propose a new general quantum secure multiparty computation protocol for simultaneous summation and multiplication in a high-dimensional quantum system. In our protocol, each participant within any authorized sets only needs to perform local Pauli operation once on the generalized Bell state, then the summation and multiplication results can be output simultaneously, which improves the practicality of the protocol. Moreover, in the privacy computation phase, the decoy particle detection technique as well as the addition of random numbers are applied to blind the privacy information, making our protocol higher privacy protection. Security analysis shows that our protocol is resistant to a series of typical external attacks and dishonest internal participant attacks such as individual attack and collusion attack. Finally, compared with the existing protocols, our protocol not only has higher efficiency but also lower consumption.
Secure multiparty computation refers to the problem where a number of users wish to securely compute a function on their inputs without revealing any unnecessary information. This dissertation focuses on the fundamental limits of secure summation under different constraints. We first focus on the minimal model of secure computation, in which two users each hold an input and wish to securely compute a function of their inputs at the server. We propose a novel scheme base on the algebraic structure of finite field and modulo ring of integers. Then we extend the minimal model of secure computation, in which K users wish to securely compute the sum of their inputs at the server. We prove a folklore result on the limits of communication cost and randomness cost. Then we characterized the optimal communication cost with user dropouts constraint, when some users may lose connection to the server and the server wishes to compute the sum of remaining inputs. Next, we characterize the optimal communication and randomness cost for symmetric groupwise keys and find the feasibility condition for arbitrary groupwise keys. Last, we study the secure summation with user selection, such that the server may select any subset of users to compute the sum of their inputs. This leads us to the MDS variable generation problem. We characterize the optimal individual key rate and the result is interestingly the harmonic number.