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International Scientific-Technical Conference on Actual Problems of Electronic Instrument Engineering (APEIE)

Transport properties of a microwave photon in a system with two artificial atoms

A. N. Sultanov, Ya. S. Greenberg, D. S. Karpov, Boris I. Ivanov, Sergey N Shevchenko

Published Oct 1, 2016• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper we show a transport characteristic for a system, containing two distanced resonators with artificial atoms inside. The artificial atoms can be realized as superconducting quantum bits performing two level system properties. A fully quantum-mechanical approach is used. We have numerically simulated a transmission through the system with weak and strong couplings. The criteria to observe wavefunction interferences at amplitude-frequency responses was found.

DOI
10.1109/apeie.2016.7802227

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In this paper we show a transport characteristic for a system, containing two distanced resonators with artificial atoms inside. The artificial atoms can be realized as superconducting quantum bits performing two level system properties. A fully quantum-mechanical approach is used. We have numerically simulated a transmission through the system with weak and strong couplings. The criteria to observe wavefunction interferences at amplitude-frequency responses was found.
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Emitters strongly coupled to a photonic crystal provide a powerful platform for realizing novel quantum light-matter interactions. Here we study the optical properties of a three-level artificial atomic chain coupled to a one-dimensional superconducting microwave photonic crystal. A sharp minimum-energy dip appears in the transmission spectrum of a weak input field, which reveals rich behavior of the long-range interactions arising from localized bound states. We find that the dip frequency scales linearly with both the number of the artificial atoms and the characteristic strength of the long-range interactions when the localization length of the bound state is sufficiently large. Motivated by this observation, we present a simple model to calculate the dip frequency with system parameters, which agrees well with the results from exact numerics for large localization lengths. We observe oscillation between bunching and antibunching in photon-photon correlation function of the output field. Furthermore, we find that the model remains valid even though the coupling strengths between the photonic crystal and artificial atoms are not exactly equal and the phases of external driving fields for the artificial atoms are different. Thus we may infer valuable system parameters from the dip location in the transmission spectrum, which provides an important measuring tool for the superconducting microwave photonic crystal systems in experiment. With remarkable advances to couple artificial atoms with microwave photonic crystals, our proposal may be experimentally realized in currently available superconducting circuits.
We study the collective effects that emerge in waveguide quantum electrodynamics where several (artificial) atoms are coupled to a one-dimensional superconducting transmission line. Since single microwave photons can travel without loss for a long distance along the line, real and virtual photons emitted by one atom can be reabsorbed or scattered by a second atom. Depending on the distance between the atoms, this collective effect can lead to super- and subradiance or to a coherent exchange-type interaction between the atoms. Changing the artificial atoms transition frequencies, something which can be easily done with superconducting qubits (two levels artificial atoms), is equivalent to changing the atom-atom separation and thereby opens the possibility to study the characteristics of these collective effects. To study this waveguide quantum electrodynamics system, we extend previous work and present an effective master equation valid for an ensemble of inhomogeneous atoms driven by a coherent state. Using input-output theory, we compute analytically and numerically the elastic and inelastic scattering and show how these quantities reveal information about collective effects. These theoretical results are compatible with recent experimental results using transmon qubits coupled to a superconducting one-dimensional transmission line [van Loo et al. (unpublished)].
Single-photon transport properties in a one-dimensional coupled resonator waveguide, coupled to a whispering-gallery resonator interacting with two separated two-level atoms, are theoretically investigated. Based on the real-space approach, the transmission and reflection amplitudes of the single photon are deduced. Numerical results demonstrate that the transmission and reflection depend on the resonator–atom coupling, the intermode backscattering, and especially the phase difference between these two separated atoms. Effects of dissipation on single-photon transport properties are also discussed.
We address recent advances in quantum optics with propagating microwaves\nin superconducting circuits. This research field exploits on the fact that the coupling between a superconducting artificial atom and propagating microwave photons in a one-dimensional (1D) open transmission line can be made strong enough to observe quantum effects, without using any cavity to confine the microwave photons.\nWe embed an artificial atom, a superconducting transmon qubit, in a 1D open\ntransmission line and investigate the scattering properties of coherent microwaves. When an input coherent state, with an average photon number much less than 1, is on resonance with the artificial atom, we observe extinction of up to 99% in the forward propagating field. We observe the strong nonlinearity of the artificial atom and under strong driving we observe the Mollow triplet. We also study the statistics of the reflected and transmitted beams, which are predicted to be nonclassical states. In particular, we demonstrate photon antibunching in the reflected beam by measuring the second-order correlation function. By applying a second control tone, we observe the Autler-Townes splitting and a giant cross-Kerr effect.\nFurthermore, we demonstrate fast operation of a single-photon router using\nthe Autler-Townes splitting. This device provides important steps towards the realization of a quantum network. This thesis describes the motivation, theoretical background, design, implementation and measurement results.
A hybrid system containing an asymmetrical waveguide coupled to a whispering-gallery resonator embedded with a two-level atom is designed to investigate single-photon transport properties. The transmission and reflection amplitudes are obtained via the discrete coordinates approach. Numerical simulation demonstrates that a trifrequency photon attenuator is realized by controlling the couplings between the asymmetrical waveguide and the whispering-gallery resonator. The phase shift, group delay and dissipation effects of the transmitted single-photon are also discussed.