Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

IEEE Photonics Technology Letters

Cross-Gain Modulation in Bistable Quantum-Dot VCSOAs

Omar Qasaimeh

Published Jan 4, 2017• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The peculiarities of cross-gain modulation (XGM) in optically bistable quantum-dot vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers (QD-VCSOA) are theoretically studied. We find that the optical hysteresis can be controlled by XGM which for example can be utilized in resting an all-optical flip-flops using single QD-VCSOA. Our analysis reveals that intrinsic high-speed XGM response up to 200 GHz can be obtained in QD-VCSOA.

DOI
10.1109/lpt.2016.2647591

Related papers

All-optical flip-flop operation of VCSOA

Aaron M. Kaplan, Govind Prasad Agrawal, Drew N. Maywar

An all-optical flip-flop, the memory of which is based on dispersive bistability in a single vertical cavity semiconductor optical amplifier, is demonstrated experimentally. Flip-flop control is achieved using two mechanisms: cross-phase modulation to set the flip-flop and cross-gain modulation of the holding beam within a remote SOA to reset it. Optical control signals are sub-milliwatt in power and derived from a single 5 ns, 1539 nm initial pulse. Flip-flop operation at 1542 nm is polarisation insensitive to control signals and achieved with an on-off contrast greater than 3 dB.

Electronics Letters•Jan 13, 2009•25 citations

Specific Features of XGM in QD-SOA

Yossef Ben Ezra, Boris I. Lembrikov, M. Haridim

The peculiarities of a cross-gain modulation (XGM) in quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers (QD SOAs) related to the inhomogeneous broadening are theoretically studied. We have solved numerically the electron rate equations for the QD SOA model including an excited state, a ground state and a continuum wetting layer (WL), and the propagation equations for the pump and the signal lightwaves. It is shown that XGM in QD SOA is possible for a comparatively large detuning close to the inhomogeneous broadening because in such a case QDs with substantially different resonant frequencies interact directly through WL.

IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics•Aug 1, 2007•53 citations

Optical bistability in vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers

Pengyue Wen, Michael Sánchez, Matthias Groß +1 more

We present an overview of the properties and applications of optical bistability in vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers (VCSOAs). The basic physics and analytical models of this optical nonlinearity are discussed. Experimental results obtained from a VCSOA operated in the 850 nm wavelength region are presented. Counterclockwise hysteresis loops are obtained over a range of initial phase detuning and bias currents. One hysteresis loop is observed experimentally with an input power as low as 2 muW when the device is biased at 98% of its lasing threshold. Numerical simulations based on the Fabry-Perot resonator model and rate equations we developed show good agreement with our experimental observations. In addition, a low input intensity high contrast (10:1) optical and gate and 2R regeneration are demonstrated. We believe that bistable VCSOAs can significantly advance the prospect of a dense two-dimensional array of low-switching-intensity all-optical logic and memory elements.

Applied Optics•Aug 15, 2006•11 citations

Optical bistability and nonlinear gain in 1.55 µm VCSOA

Antonio Hurtado, Ana Pilar Gonzalez-Marcos, Ian D. Henning +1 more

An experimental observation of power and wavelength optical bistability and nonlinear gain in a 1550 nm vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifier (VCSOA) operated in reflection and biased above and below threshold is reported. Two distinct types of optical bistability, clockwise and anticlockwise, are observed.

Electronics Letters•Apr 13, 2006•19 citations

Optical Bistability and Nonlinear Gain in a 1550 nm-Vertical Cavity Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (VCSOA) with High On-Off Contrast Ratio

Antonio Hurtado, Ian D. Henning, M.J. Adams

This paper reports on the experimental observation of power and wavelength optical bistability (OB) and nonlinear gain in a 1550 nm- vertical cavity semiconductor optical amplifier (VCSOA) biased just below threshold and operated in reflection. Two different shapes of power and wavelength OB and nonlinear gain, anticlockwise and clockwise, have been experimentally observed, both with high on-off contrast ratio.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)•Jun 1, 2007•0 citations

All-optical hysteresis control by means of cross-phase modulation in semiconductor optical amplifiers

Drew N. Maywar, Govind Prasad Agrawal, Yoshiaki Nakano

We describe the principle of operation of an all-optical flip-flop based on dispersive bistability in a distributed feedback semiconductor optical amplifier. Cross-phase modulation controls the photonic bandgap and Bragg resonances of the amplifier, thereby shifting the hysteresis and switching thresholds to higher or lower powers. We give the details of a simple theoretical model that is used to simulate the set and reset operations. We also experimentally investigate the dependence on set-signal power and the response to back-to-back set signals, and we apply the theoretical model to understand these experimental results.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Jul 1, 2001•43 citations
The peculiarities of cross-gain modulation (XGM) in optically bistable quantum-dot vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers (QD-VCSOA) are theoretically studied. We find that the optical hysteresis can be controlled by XGM which for example can be utilized in resting an all-optical flip-flops using single QD-VCSOA. Our analysis reveals that intrinsic high-speed XGM response up to 200 GHz can be obtained in QD-VCSOA.
An all-optical flip-flop, the memory of which is based on dispersive bistability in a single vertical cavity semiconductor optical amplifier, is demonstrated experimentally. Flip-flop control is achieved using two mechanisms: cross-phase modulation to set the flip-flop and cross-gain modulation of the holding beam within a remote SOA to reset it. Optical control signals are sub-milliwatt in power and derived from a single 5 ns, 1539 nm initial pulse. Flip-flop operation at 1542 nm is polarisation insensitive to control signals and achieved with an on-off contrast greater than 3 dB.
The peculiarities of a cross-gain modulation (XGM) in quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers (QD SOAs) related to the inhomogeneous broadening are theoretically studied. We have solved numerically the electron rate equations for the QD SOA model including an excited state, a ground state and a continuum wetting layer (WL), and the propagation equations for the pump and the signal lightwaves. It is shown that XGM in QD SOA is possible for a comparatively large detuning close to the inhomogeneous broadening because in such a case QDs with substantially different resonant frequencies interact directly through WL.
We present an overview of the properties and applications of optical bistability in vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers (VCSOAs). The basic physics and analytical models of this optical nonlinearity are discussed. Experimental results obtained from a VCSOA operated in the 850 nm wavelength region are presented. Counterclockwise hysteresis loops are obtained over a range of initial phase detuning and bias currents. One hysteresis loop is observed experimentally with an input power as low as 2 muW when the device is biased at 98% of its lasing threshold. Numerical simulations based on the Fabry-Perot resonator model and rate equations we developed show good agreement with our experimental observations. In addition, a low input intensity high contrast (10:1) optical and gate and 2R regeneration are demonstrated. We believe that bistable VCSOAs can significantly advance the prospect of a dense two-dimensional array of low-switching-intensity all-optical logic and memory elements.
We describe the principle of operation of an all-optical flip-flop based on dispersive bistability in a distributed feedback semiconductor optical amplifier. Cross-phase modulation controls the photonic bandgap and Bragg resonances of the amplifier, thereby shifting the hysteresis and switching thresholds to higher or lower powers. We give the details of a simple theoretical model that is used to simulate the set and reset operations. We also experimentally investigate the dependence on set-signal power and the response to back-to-back set signals, and we apply the theoretical model to understand these experimental results.