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Physics World

Subtle are Einstein's thoughts

Alan H. Batten

Published Sep 1, 2005• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Stop telling God what to do! When Niels Bohr said these words to Albert Einstein-if indeed he ever did – it was probably in exasperation with Einstein's frequent repetition of the phrase He does play dice with the universe. latter is perhaps the most famous of Einstein's many references to religion, although The Lord God is subtle, but malicious he is not comes a close second. There are many others too (see box).

DOI
10.1088/2058-7058/18/9/21

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Stop telling God what to do! When Niels Bohr said these words to Albert Einstein-if indeed he ever did – it was probably in exasperation with Einstein's frequent repetition of the phrase He does play dice with the universe. latter is perhaps the most famous of Einstein's many references to religion, although The Lord God is subtle, but malicious he is not comes a close second. There are many others too (see box).
One of the most enduring philosophical disputes in physics is encapsulated in a briefexchange between Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr. Einstein objected to quantummechanics by insisting that “God does not play dice with the universe,” while Bohr retortedthat Einstein should “stop telling God what to do.” This exchange is often framed as adisagreement between determinism and randomness. In this paper, we revisit that debatethrough the lens of the Space-Phase-Three (SP3) framework. We argue that SP3 supportsthe empirical reality of quantum uncertainty without invoking fundamental randomness.Instead, uncertainty emerges from observers and matter being embedded within aconditioned, memory-bearing space-phase. From this perspective, neither Einstein norBohr was fully wrong; rather, both were describing different facets of a deeper physicalstructure that neither had access to. In SP3, God does not play dice—but observersnecessarily experience probabilities.
Einstein wrote his famous sentence "God does not play dice with the universe" in a letter to Max Born in 1920. All experiments have confirmed that quantum mechanics is neither wrong nor “incomplete”. One can says that God does play dice with the universe. Let quantum mechanics be granted as the rules generalizing all results of playing some imaginary God’s dice. If that is the case, one can ask how God’s dice should look like. God’s dice turns out to be a qubit and thus having the shape of a unit ball. Any item in the universe as well the universe itself is both infinitely many rolls and a single roll of that dice for it has infinitely many “sides”. Thus both the smooth motion of classical physics and the discrete motion introduced in addition by quantum mechanics can be described uniformly correspondingly as an infinite series converges to some limit and as a quantum jump directly into that limit. The second, imaginary dimension of God’s dice corresponds to energy, i.e. to the velocity of information change between two probabilities in both series and jump.
Albert Einstein once said that he does not believe in a God who plays dice. He was referring to the fundamental principle that quantum theory permits only statistical assertions concerning the values of physical quantities. This issue, namely, whether the description of Nature in statistical terms is complete or even consistent, was the subject of a very lively debate-dialogue between Einstein and Niels Bohr in the years 1920-1930. Nowadays there is no debate as the principles of quantum theory have been verified countless times in experiments. In this lecture (which requires no previous background) I shall discuss both classical and quantum probabilities. Although the meaning of probability remains the same in both contexts, the method of calculating them is different. I shall explain the strange but beautiful manner in which quantum probabilities are calculated, explaining the mathematical foundations in an elementary manner. The meaning of probability
Einstein was one of the founders of quantum mechanics, yet he disliked the randomness that lies at the heart of the theory. God does not, he famously said, play dice. However, quantum theory has survived a century of experimental tests, although it has yet to be reconciled with another of Einstein's great discoveries – the general theory of relativity. Below four theorists – Gerard 't Hooft, Edward Witten, Fay Dowker and Paul Davies– outline their views on the current status of quantum theory and the way forward
Albert Einstein once said, “God does not play dice.”In turn, Stephen Hawking said, “not only does God definitely play dice, but He sometimes confuses us by throwing them where they cannot be seen.”These quotations indicate fragmentation and dualism. On the one hand, God is an infinite almighty eternal gambler. He is pure energy. On the other hand, there are two classic and solid dice.God does not think of classic dice. There is no separation between the Dice and God. It is a quantum die which has infinite interactions. The game is a Code.A new name for Hugh Everett III’s theory is proposed. This is Infinite Interacting Vibrations. Can we conceive the Divine as a source from which an infinity of vibrations emanate?The universe is vibration. Our vibration is one of the infinite alternatives with a unique dimensional pattern. Each vibration is not the origin nor end of anything, but a fluctuation of the quantum Ether.