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International conference on fiber optics and photonics

Effect of Next-nearest Neighbour Interaction on Single Photon Quantum Random Walk in Short Length Waveguide Array Devices

Surajit Paul, Krishna Thyagarajan

Published Jan 1, 2016• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate the effect of non-trivial next-nearest neighbor interaction on the normal mode structure of a 1-D waveguide arrays and its consequences on single photon propagation characteristics in 1-D arrays even at shorter device lengths.
DOI
10.1364/photonics.2016.w3a.86

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We investigate a quasi-one-dimensional periodic array of coupled waveguides, with one extended and one bound dimension, incorporating both first- and second-order coupling. We study the evolution of optical fields in this system, and measure quantum correlations when path-entangled photon pairs are launched into them. We observe a surprisingly large and nontrivial effect of second-order coupling on these correlations---while quantum correlations are symmetric when only first-order coupling is present, the introduction of next-nearest-neighbor coupling often breaks the symmetry to reflections.
Continuous-time quantum random walk is constructed when photons propagate passing the branches of the waveguide array. It is possible to make quantum simulator, based on the quantum walk in waveguides, on a commercial scale firstly, but there are still some problems such as input state, the structure and boundary of the waveguides that should be treated at present. A nearest-neighbor coupling model is used to deal with the question of coupled waveguides and an explicit analytical solution can be derived. Using the analytical solution, we analyze the effects of input state on particle number probability distribution function and the second-order coherence degree of the quantum walk process in periodic waveguides. The results show that the symmetry properties of the input state would influence the distribution of second-order coherence degree, but have little effect on the probability distribution function.
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Interference effects of photon pairs propagating through two-dimensional lattices of evanescently coupled waveguides are theoretically analyzed for input states of independent and path-entangled photons. Their correlation unveils characteristic Hong-Ou-Mandel interferences as well as more complex phenomena unique to these structures. Furthermore, purely classical states of light are used to simulate these quantum interferences in intensity correlation experiments. The results suggest that waveguide arrays can be employed as convenient devices for manipulating quantum states of light.