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IEEE International Workshop on Computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)

Side cooperative secret key generation in peer-to-peer systems

Shixin Zhu, Ya Liu, Liang Song

Published Oct 1, 2016• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper first studies the side cooperative algorithm for secret key generation in peer-to-peer systems. In side cooperative scenario, the cooperative node is exploited to agree on a secret key only accessible from one legitimate party. In the proposed scheme, legitimate parties build another virtual direct link, beyond the direct physical link between them. A higher secret key rate is achieved as compared to simple peer-to-peer schemes without the cooperative node. Moreover, we study the proposed algorithm with a two-way cooperative node, where the difference is that a two-way cooperative node can be accessible from both legitimate parties. Passive attacker model is further analyzed.

DOI
10.1109/camad.2016.7790355

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This paper first studies the side cooperative algorithm for secret key generation in peer-to-peer systems. In side cooperative scenario, the cooperative node is exploited to agree on a secret key only accessible from one legitimate party. In the proposed scheme, legitimate parties build another virtual direct link, beyond the direct physical link between them. A higher secret key rate is achieved as compared to simple peer-to-peer schemes without the cooperative node. Moreover, we study the proposed algorithm with a two-way cooperative node, where the difference is that a two-way cooperative node can be accessible from both legitimate parties. Passive attacker model is further analyzed.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are widely used in different disciplines, including transportation systems, agriculture field environment monitoring, healthcare systems, and industrial monitoring. The security challenge of the wireless communication link between sensor nodes is critical in WSNs. In this paper, we propose a new physical layer secret-key generation scheme for transportation security sensor network. The scheme is based on the cooperation of all the sensor nodes, thus avoiding the key distribution process, which increases the security of the system. Different passive and active attack models are analyzed in this paper. We also prove that when the cooperative node number is large enough, even when the eavesdropper is equipped with multiple antennas, the secret-key is still secure. Numerical results are performed to show the efficiency of the proposed scheme.
The impact of relay nodes on the secret key generation via the physical layer resources is investigated. A novel relay-assisted strategy is proposed to improve the generated secret key rate. The main idea is to exploit the random channels associated with relay nodes in the network as additional random sources for the key generation. This approach is particularly useful when the channels between legitimate nodes change slowly. Four increasingly sophisticated yet more practical scenarios are studied, for which relay-assisted key generation protocols are proposed and are shown to be optimal or order-optimal in terms of the key rate. It is also shown that the multiplexing gain in the key rate scales linearly with the number of relays, which demonstrates that relay-assisted schemes substantially increase the key rate. This is in sharp contrast to scenarios with relays helping information transmission, in which the multiplexing gain does not scale with the number of relays. Furthermore, a cooperative scheme is also proposed in which relays help key generation but the generated keys are kept secure from these relays.
The impact of relay nodes on the secret key generation via the physical layer resources is investigated. A novel relay-assisted strategy is proposed to improve the generated secret key rate. The main idea is to exploit the random channels associated with relay nodes in the network as additional random sources for the key generation. This approach is particularly useful when the channels between legitimate nodes change slowly. Three increasingly sophisticated yet more practical scenarios are studied, for which relay-assisted key generation protocols are proposed and are shown to be optimal or order-optimal in terms of the key rate. It is also shown that the presence of relay node increases the multiplexing gain. This is in sharp contrast to scenarios with relay helping information transmission, in which the relay node does not increase the multiplexing. Furthermore, a cooperative scheme is also proposed in which relays help key generation but the generated keys are kept secure from these relays.
Secret group key generation based on physical layer in wireless communications has a lot of practical applications. A few studies focused on the theoretical bounds of the secret key rate based on the sets of received signals rather than a particular secret key generation scheme. We propose a secret group key generation scheme for an arbitrary number of legitimate nodes, n, in mesh topology in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. In the scheme, after general pilot signal transmissions at all nodes, each node broadcasts a weighted combination of its received signals with optimized coefficients, so that legitimate nodes can obtain the information of channels used for group key generation while the eavesdropper cannot. We also apply different quantization schemes for quantizing and encoding the estimated channels into keys. To provide detailed transmissions and processing steps of group key generation, we also describe the proposed scheme for 4-node mesh topology case. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves a higher secret group key rate and a lower key disagreement rate than a benchmark scheme.
Secret group key generation based on physical layer in wireless communications has a lot of practical applications. A few studies focused on the theoretical bounds of the secret key rate based on the sets of received signals rather than a particular secret key generation scheme. We propose a secret group key generation scheme for an arbitrary number of legitimate nodes, n, in mesh topology in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. In the scheme, after general pilot signal transmissions at all nodes, each node broadcasts a weighted combination of its received signals with optimized coefficients, so that legitimate nodes can obtain the information of channels used for group key generation while the eavesdropper cannot. We also apply different quantization schemes for quantizing and encoding the estimated channels into keys. To provide detailed transmissions and processing steps of group key generation, we also describe the proposed scheme for 4-node mesh topology case. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves a higher secret group key rate and a lower key disagreement rate than a benchmark scheme.
In this paper, we propose a physical-layer secret key generation scheme for multi-antenna legitimate nodes with the help from multiple untrusted relays with single antenna. The relays' actions conform to the rules but they passively eavesdrop the information. Different from most previous key generation schemes, where a key is generated based on a channel coefficient, in the proposed scheme, we use the linear combination of channel coefficients to generate a key. Simulation results show that the rate leaked to the untrusted relays is low and the secret key rate is therefore high. We also point out that the relay communication can achieve higher secret key rate than the direct communication in several distance ranges.