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Journal of Geometry and Physics

The canonical group of transformations of a Weyl–Heisenberg frame; applications to Gaussian and Hermitian frames

Maurice A. de Gosson

Published Jan 3, 2017• 9 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.geomphys.2016.12.019

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The concepts of von Neumann lattices and tight frames are used for defining discrete quantum mechanical transforms in the phase plane. These transforms are obtained by finite shifts la and mb in the coordinate x and momentum p, respectively, of the Weyl–Heisenberg group, and they are called the discrete Weyl–Heisenberg transforms ψ(la,mb). Here ab=h/N with h the Planck constant, l and m integers, and N a positive integer. A construction is carried out of ψ(la,mb) for a general Weyl–Heisenberg set by using the kq-representation, in which a useful formula is established for the frame operator. The construction is illustrated on an example of the ground state of a harmonic oscillator. It is shown that any physical quantity can be described by the discrete Weyl–Heisenberg transform. Connections are established between ψ(la,mb), the Bargmann representation, and the Husimi distribution function.
The Heisenberg–Weyl ring contains the metaplectic group of canonical transforms acting unitarily on ℒ 2(ℛ). These ring elements are characterized through (i) the integral transform kernels, (ii) coset distributions, and (iii) classical functions under any quantization scheme. The isomorphism under group composition leads to several new relations involving twisted products and quantization of Gaussian classical functions. The Wigner inversion operator is a special central group element. It is shown that the only quantization scheme invariant under metaplectic transformations is the Weyl scheme. The structure studied here appears to be relevant to the study of wave optics with aberration.
Physical states in quantum mechanics are rays in a Hilbert space. Projective representations of a relativity group transform between the quantum physical states that are in the admissible class. The physical observables of position, time, energy and momentum are the Hermitian representation of the generators of the algebra of the Weyl–Heisenberg group. We show that there is a consistency condition that requires the relativity group to be a subgroup of the group of automorphisms of the Weyl–Heisenberg algebra. This, together with the requirement of the invariance of classical time, results in the inhomogeneous Hamilton group. The Hamilton group is the relativity group for noninertial frames in classical Hamilton's mechanics. The projective representation of a group is equivalent to unitary representations of the central extension of the group. The central extension of the inhomogeneous Hamilton group and its corresponding Casimir invariants are computed. One of the Casimir invariants is a generalized spin that is invariant for noninertial states. It is the familiar inertial Galilean spin with additional terms that may be compared to noninertial experimental results.