What is a Photon? Photon Kinetic and Electromagnetic Structure Simplified and Explained and How One Photon Can go Through Two Different Holes at the Same Time.
To attempt to answer the question 'What is a photon?' we combine the kinetic and electromagnetic aspects of a photon and derive a straightforward picture of the photon that appears to readily explain a number of phenomena including some of the strange features of the double-slit experiment. By considering the kinetic properties of a photon first, we look at wave-particle duality from the point of view of a particle system behaving with wavelike properties as the kinetic complement of a wave-packet. We find that the photon is contained by the vacuum by a force that is more than 200 times stronger than electrostatic.
To attempt to answer the question 'What is a photon?' we combine the kinetic and electromagnetic aspects of a photon and derive a straightforward picture of the photon that appears to readily explain a number of phenomena including some of the strange features of the double-slit experiment. By considering the kinetic properties of a photon first, we look at wave-particle duality from the point of view of a particle system behaving with wavelike properties as the kinetic complement of a wave-packet. We find that the photon is contained by the vacuum by a force that is more than 200 times stronger than electrostatic.
There are two opposing points of view on the nature of light: the first one manifests the wave-particle duality as a fundamental property of the nature; the second one claims that photons do not exist and the light is a continuous classical wave, while the so-called “quantum” properties of this field appear only as a result of its interaction with matter. In this paper we show that many quantum phenomena which are traditionally described by quantum electrodynamics can be described if light is considered within the limits of classical electrodynamics without quantization of radiation. These phenomena include the double-slit experiment, the photoelectric effect, the Compton effect, the Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect, the so-called multiphoton ionisation of atoms, etc. We show that this point of view allows also explaining the “wave-particle duality” of light in Wiener experiments with standing waves. We show that the Born rule for light can easily be derived from Fermi’s golden rule as an approximation for low-intense light or for short exposure time. We show that the Heisenberg uncertainty principle for “photons” has a simple classical sense and cannot be considered as a fundamental limitation of accuracy of simultaneous measurements of position and momentum or time and energy. We conclude that the concept of a “photon” is superfluous in explanation of light-matter interactions.
The enigma of the wave-particle duality of photon has remained unimpressively explained for a century since Einstein presents the concept of the photon in 1905. This article establishes a classical geometric structure model of a single photon based on fleld matter, educes a formula for the size of a photon; assumes that there only are two kinds of photon of right hand and left hand circular polarized, and suggests the frequency ! of photon polarization rotated to be its spin frequency. It ascribes the wavelike of photon to its spin motion and the particle-like to its translation motion. From the point of photon particle instead of wave view to re-analyze Young's double-slit interference and polarizer experiments, gives reasonable mechanism. It deflnes the phase velocity and the group velocity of a photon. It gives a unifled and consistent understanding of quantum particle of light and classical electromagnetic waves fleld. Evidently, such a precisely deflned conceptual model is reasonable, objective and easy to accept for classical physicists. The puzzle (1) of the wave-particle duality of light has remained unsatisfactorily explained nearly a century since Albert Einstein flrst proposed the photon, the quantum unit of light ‡ E=~!; ~=~ ~ ·
The interpretation of single photon double slits Wheeler's delayed choice experiment leads to a weird inference: "what the observer does now can change what happened in the past". It subverts our cognitions. Other interpretations are also in dispute. Is there another possible way that can better explain experiments? For this purpose, we try to reacquaint what is a photon? What structure does it have? How does the structure influence the photon behavior? In 1905 Einstein supposed that the photon is a quantum of EM radiation; according to the quantum interpretation, the probability density of a coherent state undergoes a sinusoidal vibration with time. It will also excite a quantized EM wave. So, our research object must be an EM wave beams. We discover and prove that under the Quantification Law of Charge, there is a kind of axial symmetric EM-wave beam it is a quantum of circularly polarized light. Its energy is concentrated in a very small packet; this energy packet will be proved having the photon properties, like , , spin , obeying B-E statistics and so on; On the other hand, the width of the sodium spectral lines identifies that the energy packet carries a long EM wave beam. They form a wave-particle hybrid structure. It exhibits both wave property and particle property at the time in all experiments. Its interpretation for the single photon double slits Wheeler's delayed choice experiment does not lead to the above strange inference.
The Quantum mechanics works but is not yet well understood. The difficulty in understanding lies not so much in the already very sophisticated mathematical formulations, but are much more rooted in the question of how the objects do that? Starting with the double-slit experiment, we will first provide the viewpoint of quantum mechanics. This leads us to the wave-particle duality. Photons have both wave and particle properties. Then we see the exact opposite: photons, electrons... are neither wave nor particle and address the question: Can we find truth from falsity? Can quantum mechanics be wrong in their conditions and yet lead to so excellent results? We then address the question of how good the mathematical prerequisites in classical physics is and how well they are fulfilled in quantum physics. Finally, we look at some very basic experiments from the point of view of the objects.
This paper reviews humanity's understanding of photons, the evolution of quantum mechanics and quantum electrodynamics (QED), and analyzes their physical interpretations and philosophical implications. It attempts to uncover the true nature of photons by exploring possible hidden variables in the double-slit experiment. The wave-particle duality of photons, as posited by quantum mechanics, appears to me to lack verisimilitude. By designing a thought experiment involving a photon double-slit setup, I seek to falsify the notion that photons generate coherence, or so-called wave-function superposition, within the light field between the slits and the screen. This endeavour aims to demonstrate the pure particle nature of photons. This paper further explores the intrinsic relationship between electromagnetic waves and photons by examining the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation. It posits that electromagnetic waves are fundamentally pure particle-waves. An analysis of QED elucidates the potential influence of photon momentum on photon interactions, an effect that could have profound implications for quantum information transmission. This paper explores the non-wave-particle duality of photons through the double-slit experiment and the double-slit observer experiment. The essence of photons is purely particle-like. The thought experiment of the photon double-slit experiment is pivotal in demonstrating that photons and other particles—such as electrons, atoms, and macromolecules—are purely particulate in nature. Moreover, in space, photons can interfere with each other's paths based on their momentum. This can simultaneously alter the trajectory of photons and even modify their velocity. That is to say, a photon beam possessing greater momentum may carry along a portion of photon beams with lesser momentum, propagating them over considerable distances. The wavelength of a light wave fundamentally represents the distance between consecutive photons as they queue and advance through space. A longer wavelength corresponds to a greater distance between photons, causing them to diverge more widely in space, as seen with radio waves. Conversely, a shorter wavelength implies closer proximity between photons, resulting in denser emission and a highly directional nature, as seen in gamma rays. Photons within the visible spectrum may occasionally transmit information bearing specific content. This information, conveyed via photons, can propagate over distances ranging from several metres to thousands of kilometres.
Photons and elementary particles display the properties of particle as well as of wave known as Wave Particle Duality. Quantum Theory could not explain Wave Particle Duality only due to the belief that photon has no mass and accepted Wave Particle Duality as reality of quantum scale particles. “Experimental Proof of Mass in Photon” [1] discovered Inertial Force developed by the photons on Reflection. This Inertial Force is developed in the spinning photon from inside due to the mass of photon. These experiments also discovered that the centre of mass of photon was different from the centre of photon. Such presence of mass in a photon developing Inertial Force from within the photon gifts special properties to display Wave Particle Duality, Interference and Polarization etc. These phenomena are explained in this work which could not be explained by the Quantum Theory earlier. This work also confirms mass in photon based on both Newtonian and Special Theory of Relativity. New equations of true mass of photon are also derived.