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Physics World

Quantum computing: Silicon enters the quantum-bit race

Peter Pockley

Published Dec 1, 2000• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Researchers in Australia have boldly declared that they will produce a prototype building block for the world's first quantum computer within 12 months. Quantum computers would exploit the ability of a particle to be in two quantum states at the same time, allowing them, in principle, to outperform classical computers by many orders of magnitude in some operations. Staff at the Australian Centre for Quantum Computing Technology say that a device based on two quantum bits, or “qubits”, will be ready within a year. While groups in other countries are pursing different strategies, the Australian scientists are basing their research on silicon chips, which, they say, have the advantage of already being widely used in industry.

DOI
10.1088/2058-7058/13/12/10

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Researchers in Australia have boldly declared that they will produce a prototype building block for the world's first quantum computer within 12 months. Quantum computers would exploit the ability of a particle to be in two quantum states at the same time, allowing them, in principle, to outperform classical computers by many orders of magnitude in some operations. Staff at the Australian Centre for Quantum Computing Technology say that a device based on two quantum bits, or “qubits”, will be ready within a year. While groups in other countries are pursing different strategies, the Australian scientists are basing their research on silicon chips, which, they say, have the advantage of already being widely used in industry.
The dream of quantum computers has moved a small step closer to reality with the first successful demonstrations of quantum algorithms in experiments and a novel proposal to build a quantum computer based on the silicon technology used in existing computers. Quantum computers would exploit the ability of quantum particles to be in a superposition of two states at the same time and, for certain tasks, would have the potential to outperform classical computers by many orders of magnitude (Physics World March pp47–52).
There is a worldwide race to build a computer which exploits the counterintuitive principles of quantum mechanics. Silicon is one of the most promising platforms for emerging quantum information technologies for two reasons: one, it possesses many of the key desirable criteria for low-error quantum information processing, and two, the microelectronics industry has decades of experience with producing ultrapure silicon and nanoscale silicon devices, which makes silicon-based quantum devices attractive for future commercial integration. This paper reviews a selection of silicon-based quantum computer design proposals, their technological requirements, and explores recent experimental progress towards their realisation.
Companies such as Intel as a pioneer in chip design for computing are pushing the edge of computing from its present Classical Computing generation to the next generation of Quantum Computing. Along the side of Intel corporation, companies such as IBM, Microsoft, and Google are also playing in this domain. The race is on to build the world’s first meaningful quantum computer—one that can deliver the technology’s long-promised ability to help scientists do things like develop miraculous new materials, encrypt data with near-perfect security and accurately predict how Earth’s climate will change. Such a machine is likely more than a decade away, but IBM, Microsoft, Google, Intel, and other tech heavyweights breathlessly tout each tiny, incremental step along the way. Most of these milestones involve packing more quantum bits, or qubits—the basic unit of information in a quantum computer—onto a processor chip ever. But the path to quantum computing involves far more than wrangling subatomic particles. Such computing capabilities are opening a new area into dealing with the massive sheer volume of structured and unstructured data in the form of Big Data, is an excellent augmentation to Artificial Intelligence (AI) and would allow it to thrive to its next generation of Super Artificial Intelligence (SAI) in the near-term time frame.
Companies such as Intel as a pioneer in chip design for computing are pushing the edge of computing from its present Classical Computing generation to the next generation of Quantum Computing. Along the side of Intel corporation, companies such as IBM, Microsoft, and Google are also playing in this domain. The race is on to build the world’s first meaningful quantum computer—one that can deliver the technology’s long-promised ability to help scientists do things like develop miraculous new materials, encrypt data with near-perfect security and accurately predict how Earth’s climate will change. Such a machine is likely more than a decade away, but IBM, Microsoft, Google, Intel, and other tech heavyweights breathlessly tout each tiny, incremental step along the way. Most of these milestones involve packing more quantum bits, or qubits—the basic unit of information in a quantum computer—onto a processor chip ever. But the path to quantum computing involves far more than wrangling subatomic particles. Such computing capabilities are opening a new area into dealing with the massive sheer volume of structured and unstructured data in the form of Big Data, is an excellent augmentation to Artificial Intelligence (AI) and would allow it to thrive to its next generation of Super Artificial Intelligence (SAI) in the near-term time frame
Companies such as Intel as a pioneer in chip design for computing are pushing the edge of computing from its present Classical Computing generation to the next generation of Quantum Computing.Along the side of Intel corporation, companies such as IBM, Microsoft, and Google are also playing in this domain.The race is on to build the world's first meaningful quantum computer-one that can deliver the technology's long-promised ability to help scientists do things like develop miraculous new materials, encrypt data with near-perfect security and accurately predict how Earth's climate will change.Such a machine is likely more than a decade away, but IBM, Microsoft, Google, Intel, and other tech heavyweights breathlessly tout each tiny, incremental step along the way.Most of these milestones involve packing more quantum bits, or qubits-the basic unit of information in a quantum computer-onto a processor chip ever.But the path to quantum computing involves far more than wrangling subatomic particles.Such computing capabilities are opening a new area into dealing with the massive sheer volume of structured and unstructured data in the form of Big Data, is an excellent augmentation to Artificial Intelligence (AI) and would allow it to thrive to its next generation of Super Artificial Intelligence (SAI) in the near-term time frame..
A quantum computer could, in principle, outperform a classical computer by many orders of magnitude for certain computational tasks. This is why quantum computation, and the whole area of quantum information, is the focus of an increasingly large research effort worldwide. Two recent experiments demonstrate the rapid rate of progress in the field: a group in the US has "entangled" four particles for the first time; while a collaboration between physicists in the UK and Italy has demonstrated "geometric quantum computation".