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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Efficient Spectral Bandwidth Compression of Single Photon Wavepackets

Michał Karpiński, Michał Jachura, Brian J. Smith

Published Jan 1, 2016• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Sixfold spectral bandwidth compression of single photon wavepackets by means of electro-optic time lens is experimentally demonstrated. We significantly increase single photon flux through a narrowband spectral feature, making a key step in development of hybrid quantum networks.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_qels.2016.fm1n.1

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Spectral-temporal shaping of quantum light has important applications in quantum communications and photonic quantum information processing. Electro-optic temporal lenses have recently been recognized as a tool for noise-free, efficient spectral bandwidth manipulation of single-photon wavepackets. However, standard electro-optic time lenses based on single-tone modulation exhibit, limited bandwidth modification factors due to material limitations on phase modulation amplitude. Here we numerically investigate the use of complex electro-optic temporal phase modulation patterns for bandwidth compression of light over multiple orders of magnitude and show the feasibility of their use in photonic interfaces for quantum network applications.
We experimentally demonstrate spectral manipulation of heralded single photons by electro-optic temporal phase modulation employing complex, Fresnel-like wide-band electronic waveforms. We show spectral compression of classical telecom light enhancing its maximal intensity by over 80, by compressing its full-width at half maximum (FWHM) bandwidth from 0.856 nm down to 3.1 pm (383 MHz), thus achieving a compression factor of over 270. We show a compression gain by increasing the aperture of a Fresnel time lens (temporal waveform duration). We demonstrate a similar compression on a single-photon level from ~1.5 nm (~190 GHz) down to the sub-2GHz regime. Our findings should significantly improve the performance of future quantum information processors based on hybrid quantum networks.
For the realization of a hybrid quantum network, an efficient spectral mode matching between dissimilar photon sources is quintessential. With nonlinear frequency conversion it has already been shown it is possible to match central frequencies [1], but not spectral bandwidth. Previous experiments relied on passive filtering for bandwidth matching [2], [3] and were suffering from too high loss rates to allow for an efficient information transfer and processing between different quantum light sources. Promising results in spectral bandwidth conversion of quantum light have been shown by a phase-only reshaping approach using electro-optic time lensing [4], [5]. In close analogy to a thin lens in space, first a quadratic spectral phaseϕ\phiϕis applied, followed by, an again quadratic, temporal phaseφ\varphiφ. By choosing the right collimation condition,ϕ=φ−1\phi=\varphi^{-1}ϕ=φ−1, compression (or expansion) is achieved in spectral width [6]. By this active reshaping of the spectral-temporal wave packet, for a quantum light source in telecom wavelength a compression factor of about 50 has already been shown [5].