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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Temperature effects on fidelity of reflection from absorbing Bragg mirrors

Dalibor Čevizović, Alexei Vladimirovich Chizhov

Published Jan 20, 2016• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In the paper, we consider the quantum effects in reflection of the electromagnetic field from an absorbing Bragg mirror. The special emphasis is placed on the study of the influence of thermal noises of the mirror environment on the fidelity of reflection. Taking the incident light field in coherent and Fock states, we show that the fidelity of reflection turns out to be strongly dependent on the quantum state, and on the level of thermal noise and absorption of the mirror.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/672/1/012003

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In the paper, we consider the quantum effects in reflection of the electromagnetic field from an absorbing Bragg mirror. The special emphasis is placed on the study of the influence of thermal noises of the mirror environment on the fidelity of reflection. Taking the incident light field in coherent and Fock states, we show that the fidelity of reflection turns out to be strongly dependent on the quantum state, and on the level of thermal noise and absorption of the mirror.
Abstract The intensity noise spectrum is investigated quantum‐mechanically for incident coherent light passing through a resonator which is filled with a k‐photon‐absorber. For k⩽ 2 the noise of the outgoing light is reduced below the shot noise level the reduction being maximal for frequencies that are small in comparison to the cavity bandwidth. It turns out that the highest possible value of this low‐frequency noise reduction is obtained when the resonator losses due to transmission through the outcoupling mirror are 2k – 1 times as large as the k‐photon absorption losses. In this case the noise at zero frequency is reduced with respect to the shot noise level by a factor of k/(2k – 1).
The possibility of a practically total reduction of quantum photon fluctuations in cw laser radiation is discussed. This effect appears as a result of two-photon radiation absorption using a resonance transition in atoms excited from the ground state to the upper level, relaxing to the other states. For this case the possibility of induced two-photon emission is excluded, that is, the source of additional photon number fluctuations in a field mode.1 In this process the Fock states with the photon number n ≥ 2 are continuously reduced from the coherent state of the excited field. For the large time values of interaction the Fock states |n = 0 > and |n = 1> remain in the field. The effect of spin orientations of photons of the excited field on the quantum noise reduction process for the two-photon absorption by atoms on the transitions between the S → S and S → D terms is analyzed. The possibility of transformation of coherent and thermal fields (λ ≃ 6022 Å and λ = 5787 Å) into quasi-Fock states, as a result of its two-photon resonance absorption by Na homogeneous vapor, is considered.
The influence of the local-field correction on the strong atom-field coupling regime are investigated using the real-cavity model. The atom is positioned at the center of a multilayer sphere. Three types of mirrors are considered: perfectly reflecting, Lorentz band gap, and Bragg-distributed ones, with special emphasis on experimental practicability. In particular, the influence of the local field on the spectral resonance lines, the Rabi oscillation frequency and decay rate, and the condition indicating the occurrence of the strong-coupling regime are studied in detail. It is shown that the local-field correction gives rise to a structureless plateau in the density of states of the electromagnetic field. The level of the plateau rises with increasing material density and/or absorption, which may eventually destroy the strong-coupling regime. The effect of the local field is especially pronounced at high-material densities due to direct energy transfer from the guest atom to the medium. At lower material density and/or absorption, variation of the material density does not seem to affect much the strong-coupling regime, except for a small shift in the resonance frequency.
The problem of the reflectance of a photon by a metallic mirror whose position is treated quantum mechanically is considered. The interaction between the metallic surface and the light is treated classically. It is shown that the reflectance depends on the spread of the wavefunction describing the reflecting surface along its normal. Considering this decrease on the mirror reflectance, it is shown by first principles that it is impossible to achieve a highly entangled state between a photon and a mirror when the photon can be reflected only once.