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ICTON Mediterranean Winter Conference (ICTON-MW)

Nonclassical phenomena in cavity polariton systems

Gianluca Manzacca, Gabriella Cincotti

Published Dec 1, 2008• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The design of a cavity loaded with a with three-energy level quantum dot is presented, considering two quantum effects: the Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (CQED) and the Electromagnetic Induced Transparency (EIT). The main goal is to determine a regime in which this system could be used as turnstyle device for single photons, and we research the possibility of achieving photon blockade in quantum gates and memories. We investigate the spectral behaviour, following an approach equivalent to cavity-type spectroscopy, and we calculate the intensity correlation function to find the photon statistics of the light scattered by the device.

DOI
10.1109/ictonmw.2008.4773068

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The design of a cavity loaded with a with three-energy level quantum dot is presented, considering two quantum effects: the Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (CQED) and the Electromagnetic Induced Transparency (EIT). The main goal is to determine a regime in which this system could be used as turnstyle device for single photons, and we research the possibility of achieving photon blockade in quantum gates and memories. We investigate the spectral behaviour, following an approach equivalent to cavity-type spectroscopy, and we calculate the intensity correlation function to find the photon statistics of the light scattered by the device.
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We study the all-optical control of the quantum fluctuations of a light beam via a combination of single-atom cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Specifically, the EIT control field is used to tune the CQED transition frequencies in and out of resonance with the probe light. In this way, photon blockade and antiblockade effects are employed to produce sub-Poissonian and super-Poissonian light fields, respectively. The achievable quantum control paves the way towards the realization of a prototype of a novel quantum transistor which amplifies or attenuates the relative intensity noise of a light beam. Its feasibility is demonstrated by calculations using realistic parameters from recent experiments.
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Photon blockade (PB) is one of the effective methods to generate single-photon sources. In general, both the PB effect with the significant sub-Poissonian statistics and a large mean photon number are desired to guarantee the brightness and the purity of single-photon sources. Here, we propose to obtain the PB effect at the cavity dark-state polariton (DSP) using a cavity Λ-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) system with and without the two-photon dissipation (TPD). In the Raman resonance case, the PB effect at the DSP could by realized by using the TPD process in the weak or intermediate coupling regime, which accompanies with near unity transmission, i.e., very high photon occupation. In the slightly detuned Raman resonance case, the excited state is induced into the components of the DSP, and the atomic dissipation path is added into the two-photon excitation paths. Thus, the PB effect at the DSP can be obtained due to the quantum destructive interference (QDI) in the strong coupling regime, which can be further enhanced using the TPD process. Due to the slight detuning, the PB effect still remains high photon occupation and has highly tunability. This work provides an alternative way to manipulate the photon statistics by the PB effect and has potential applications in generating single-photon sources with high brightness and purity.
Theoretical study on entangled photon generation from a quantum dot (QD) embedded in microcavity is briefly reviewed within a strong coupling regime. In this system, entangled photon pairs can be generated through the cascade photon emission via dressed states in the cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED). Excitation levels of a QD are modeled by a V-type three-level system and four-level system including a biexciton. In contrast to the entangled-photon generation until now, all four Bell states can be generated from an identical cavity system by simply selecting applied-field polarizations and frequencies as characteristic features of the CQED. The CQED effects play a crucial role in providing a high degree of entanglement: (i) spectral fi ltering can be used to extract entangled photons due to the vacuum Rabi splitting and (ii) non-entangled co-polarized photons are strongly suppressed due to the photon blockade effect.
The photon blockade (PB) effect in emitter-cavity systems depends on the anharmonicity of the ladder of dressed energy eigenstates. The recent developments in color center photonics are leading toward experimental demonstrations of multiemitter-cavity solid-state systems with an expanded set of energy levels compared to the traditionally studied single-emitter systems. We focus on the case of N=2N=2N=2 nonidentical quasiatoms strongly coupled to a nanocavity in the bad cavity regime (with parameters within reach of the color center systems), and discover three PB mechanisms: polaritonic, subradiant, and unconventional. The polaritonic PB, which is the conventional mechanism studied in single-emitter-cavity systems, also occurs at the polariton frequencies in multiemitter systems. The subradiant PB is a new interference effect owing to the inhomogeneous broadening of the emitters which results in a purer and a more robust single-photon emission than the polaritonic PB. The unconventional PB in the modeled system corresponds to the suppression of the single- and two-photon correlation statistics and the enhancement of the three-photon correlation statistic. Using the effective Hamiltonian approach, we unravel the origin and the time-domain evolution of these phenomena.