The properties of a special class of correlated many-body wave functions, named rotating vortex clusters (RVCs), that preserve the total angular momentum of a small cloud of trapped rotating bosons are investigated. They have lower energy and provide a superior description for the formation of vortices compared to the mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) states that break the rotational symmetry. The GP vortex states are shown to be wave packets composed of such RVC states. Our results suggest that, for a small number of bosons, the physics is different from that of ideal Bose-Einstein condensates which characterize larger assemblies.The properties of a special class of correlated many-body wave functions, named rotating vortex clusters (RVCs), that preserve the total angular momentum of a small cloud of trapped rotating bosons are investigated. They have lower energy and provide a superior description for the formation of vortices compared to the mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) states that break the rotational symmetry. The GP vortex states are shown to be wave packets composed of such RVC states. Our results suggest that, for a small number of bosons, the physics is different from that of ideal Bose-Einstein condensates which characterize larger assemblies.

arXiv:0807.0251Physical Review AJul 28, 200815 citations

Many-body clusters in boson systems

R. A. Smith

Physics Letters BAug 1, 197619 citations

Stability of Small Mixed Clusters of H4e and H3e Atoms

R. Guardiola, Jesús Navarro

The existence of small helium clusters containing a variable number of $^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}$ and $^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}$ atoms is studied within a variational Monte Carlo calculation employing the Aziz HFD-B(HE) pair interaction. The clusters ${^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{2}$ support one and two $^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}$ atoms; however, the system with three $^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}$ atoms is metastable, and the next bound system requires at least 18 fermions. All clusters obtained by adding $^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}$ atoms to the trimer ${^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{3}$ and the tetramer ${^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{4}$ are bound, but the clusters ${^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{3}$ - ${^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{3,4,5}$ and ${^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{3,4}$ - ${^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{9}$ are metastable. All remaining clusters with three or more bosons and any number of fermions are stable.The existence of small helium clusters containing a variable number of $^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}$ and $^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}$ atoms is studied within a variational Monte Carlo calculation employing the Aziz HFD-B(HE) pair interaction. The clusters ${^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{2}$ support one and two $^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}$ atoms; however, the system with three $^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}$ atoms is metastable, and the next bound system requires at least 18 fermions. All clusters obtained by adding $^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}$ atoms to the trimer ${^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{3}$ and the tetramer ${^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{4}$ are bound, but the clusters ${^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{3}$-${^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{3,4,5}$ and ${^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{3,4}$-${^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{9}$ are metastable. All remaining clusters with three or more bosons and any number of fermions are stable.

Physical Review LettersOct 17, 200217 citations

Bosons

Alex Kamenev

Cambridge University Press eBooksJan 30, 20230 citations

Efimov Physics in Small Bosonic Clusters

M. Gattobigio, Alejandro Kievsky, M. Viviani

arXiv:1211.6637Few-Body SystemsFeb 2, 20135 citations

Bosons

Pure and applied physicsJan 1, 19610 citations

The existence of small helium clusters containing a variable number of

^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}

and

^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}

atoms is studied within a variational Monte Carlo calculation employing the Aziz HFD-B(HE) pair interaction. The clusters

{^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{2}

support one and two

^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}

atoms; however, the system with three

^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}

atoms is metastable, and the next bound system requires at least 18 fermions. All clusters obtained by adding

^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}

atoms to the trimer

{^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{3}

and the tetramer

{^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{4}

are bound, but the clusters

{^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{3}

{^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{3,4,5}

and

{^{\mathrm{4}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{3,4}

{^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{e}}_{9}

are metastable. All remaining clusters with three or more bosons and any number of fermions are stable.