The Quantum Limit of Newton's Principle of Inertia

A. Bouda, T. Djama

Hakan Balki

This work proposes that inertia, as posited in Newton's First Law, is not an intrinsic property of bodies but the macroscopic manifestation of a relational process grounded in the information-theoretic structure of the quantum vacuum. Drawing on standard physical results — Lorentz dilation, the Mandelstam–Tamm bound, and Maxwell's vacuum expression — the central thesis is the following: the energy–momentum projection of the kinematic decrease in the rate at which the internal phase of a moving quantum system evolves, read by an external observer as electromagnetic interaction with the vacuum, is itself read by that observer as inertia. The argument is framed within the geometry of Quantum Fisher Information and positioned as a natural extension, within quantum information theory, of Mach's relational mechanics programme and the relationalist tradition in contemporary philosophy of physics (notably the Relational Quantum Mechanics of Carlo Rovelli and the Machian programme of Julian Barbour). The work is explicitly framed as a conceptual reinterpretation rather than as a new predictive model: it modifies no equation but offers an ontological rereading of inertia as a relational phenomenon already encoded in the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Note: The original text was composed in Turkish and translated into English. The author is an independent researcher with no institutional affiliation.

Pavel Voráček

Initially it is proposed to interpret the fact that the delay of gravitational interaction in a binary system causes the emanation of gravitational waves, as a generalization of the Newtonian Principle of action and reaction. Then, the impact of such a concept is shown for a situation with mutual and simultaneously acting electromagnetic and inertia force, as well as consequences for a possible validity of the Mach principle. Further, the same phenomenon of retardation of the physical interactions is applied on the mechanistic Bohr model of the hydrogen atom together with the Indeterminacy principle, which results in a realistically adequate quantum description of the atom involving the pertinent de Broglie wave. Finally, the physical conclusions made before are discussed from a philosophical point of view; a new `para-deterministic' concept is presented being an alternative to both the deterministic and holistic views of our world.

Maurice A. de Gosson, Basil J. Hiley

Balakrishna M.T

Newton's second law of motion, F = ma, has long been considered a cornerstone of classical mechanics, providing a fundamental framework for understanding the behavior of macroscopic objects. However, as physics delves into the quantum realm, the applicability of Newton's second law becomes limited, and the principles of quantum mechanics emerge as the dominant description of particle behavior. Beginning with an overview of the historical development of classical mechanics by Newton and the emergence of quantum mechanics in the early 20th century, the article delves into the foundational principles of framework. The classical description of particles as point masses with deterministic trajectories is contrasted with the probabilistic nature of quantum particles described by wave functions and superposition principles. Practical applications and implications of these theories are also discussed, shedding light on their significance in various scientific disciplines. This research article presents a comparative analysis of Newton's second law of motion and quantum physics, examining their fundamental principles and implications through the lens of classical and quantum mechanics. Beginning with an overview of Newton's second law and its significance in classical mechanics, the article delves into the foundational postulates of quantum mechanics and their departure from classical concepts. This explores the inherent limitations of Newton's second law when applied to quantum phenomena, comparing and contrasting its principles with those of quantum physics. Through a comprehensive analysis of evidence and theoretical frameworks, this article elucidates the boundaries of classical mechanics and highlights the need for quantum mechanics to describe phenomena at the atomic and subatomic levels. Through an exploration of key differences and similarities, this aims to provide insights into the behavior of particles at both macroscopic and microscopic scales

Maurice A. de Gosson, Basil J. Hiley