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IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)

New results about quantum scattering characteristics of typical targets

Kang Liu, Yanwen Jiang, Xiang Li, Yongqiang Cheng, Yuliang Qin

Published Jul 1, 2016• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum radar cross section (QRCS) is studied in this paper, which has an objective measure of the quantum scattering ability of a specified target. The interaction process between quantum radar and the target is introduced, and new results about quantum scattering characteristics of typical targets are reported. Simulation results demonstrate that the number of side lobes of QRCS is dependent on the target size and the interatomic distance; values of QRCS increase with the increasing of the signal photon frequency. For the cylinder target, QRCS increased as the radius increases. The work and results can be beneficial to the design of quantum radar system as well as the development of remote sensing of earth observation.

DOI
10.1109/igarss.2016.7729689

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Optics Express•Mar 13, 2024•1 citation
Quantum radar cross section (QRCS) is studied in this paper, which has an objective measure of the quantum scattering ability of a specified target. The interaction process between quantum radar and the target is introduced, and new results about quantum scattering characteristics of typical targets are reported. Simulation results demonstrate that the number of side lobes of QRCS is dependent on the target size and the interatomic distance; values of QRCS increase with the increasing of the signal photon frequency. For the cylinder target, QRCS increased as the radius increases. The work and results can be beneficial to the design of quantum radar system as well as the development of remote sensing of earth observation.
Quantum radar is a new detection technology based on the mechanism of quantum physics and is promising for enhancing radar target detection capability. In this letter, the quantum radar equation is established based on the traditional radar equation; meanwhile, how the quantum radar cross section (QRCS) influences target detection performance and how QRCSs for some typical targets distribute are investigated via simulations. Simulation results demonstrate that the signal-to-noise ratio increases with the QRCS, the peak values of side-lobes of the QRCS for the cylinder surface fluctuate little, and the QRCS for corner reflectors almost exhibits no variations in a wide range of incident angles. The results listed above can benefit the signal design and performance evaluation of quantum radar as well as the design of quantum stealthy targets.
Though much work has been done concerning quantum radar cross section (QRCS), the related question about quantum radar scattering characteristics of targets in the atmospheric medium has not been considered. Understanding this question is of primary significance in the military and civil fields of quantum radar. The main objective of the paper is to propose a new algorithm for the calculation of QRCS in homogeneous atmospheric medium (M-QRCS). Therefore, based on the chain of beam splitters proposed by M. Lanzagorta to describe homogeneous atmospheric medium, the photon attenuation model is established, the photon wave function is modified, and the M-QRCS equation is proposed. Furthermore, in order to obtain an accurate M-QRCS response, we carry out simulation experiments on a flat rectangular plate in the atmospheric medium composed of different atomic arrays. Based on this, we study the influence of the attenuation coefficient, temperature, and visibility on the intensity of the peak value of main lobe and side lobes of M-QRCS. In addition, it is worth noting that the numerical calculation method proposed in this paper is based on the interaction between photons and atoms on the target surface, so it is suitable for the calculation and simulation of M-QRCS for targets of any shape.
With the development of quantum radar technology, the study of quantum radar scattering characteristic has gradually become a new academic and engineering hotspot. Quantum radar cross section (QRCS) is an important parameter of quantum radar scattering characteristic which describes the visibility of the target illuminated by a handful of photons. However, the current study is still limited to 2D objects. We first developed a new calculation method that can solve the simulation of quantum radar scattering for 3D circular cone targets. Then, the method has been verified the for a typical 2D circular plate. Finally, we presented the QRCS results of a 3D circular cone and compared them with the classical radar cross section.
With the development of quantum radar technology, the interaction of photons and targets has gradually become a new hotspot. Quantum radar cross section (QRCS) is an important parameter fon describing the visibility of the target illuminated by light quantum. #br#According to the conservation of energy and the finite element method, the expression of QRCS derived by Marco Lanzagorta is extended, which can be applied to QRCS calculations of non-planar convex targets. As the surface elements of the target have different incident and scattering angles, the integral equation can give a higher calculation accuracy and is suitable for bistatic or multistatic situations. #br#The distribution pattern of the target’s atoms is varied. Using the interatomic distance as the only parameter to describe the atomic distribution is inaccurate. In this paper the metal atomic lattice is considered. Simulation of the QRCS that is composed of three kinds of metal atomic lattices (face-centered cubic, body-centered cubic and hexagonal close-packed lattices) with different atomic distributions has been made. The hexagonal close-packed lattice with asymmetrical distribution for different azimuth angles is discussed. Simulation result shows that with different arrangement of atoms, the main lobe of the target QRCS is basically unchanged, while the quantum side-lobes of the target with sparsely arranged atoms are much more significant. This reveals a different characteristic of QRCS, and provides theoretic basis for quantum radar and stealth technique researches.
In the traditional radar, radar cross section (RCS) is used to represent the echo intensity that the target scattered. The modulation signals are used in the traditional radar systems to detect the targets based on principle of induced radiation, which makes the targets with geometric shape stealth design hard to detect. Quantum radar systems employ photons to detect targets. The processes of absorption and emission of photons follows the rules of quantum electrodynamics. The quantum scattering is not sensitive to the shape design of the targets, which can be used to enhance detection capability of radar system. Quantum radar cross section (QRCS) is used to analyze the performance of quantum radars. A computation method of QRCS based on spatial correlation is proposed in this paper to improve the performance of the quantum radar system. Multiple detectors are used to collect the quantum scattering signals of the target. The spatial correlation characteristics of scattered signals are extracted to represent the quantum scattering characteristics of the target. The randomness of atom-photon scattering process is efficiently used in this method, which can enhance detection capability of radar system. The method proposed in this paper is verified by numerical simulation. In addition, the multiphoton scattering of a typical three-dimensional target is studied in this paper. The results show that quantum radar with multiphoton as transmitting signal may have better detection capability. These results are of great significance to further study the quantum scattering characteristics of complex targets. The research of quantum radar system based on spatial correlation detection is a potential research direction especially for the stealth target detection.
A closed-form model of bistatic multiphoton quantum radar cross section (QRCS) for the cylindrical surface, the main structure of typical aircraft, especially missiles, is established to analyze the system and scattering characteristics. The influence of curvature of the three-dimensional target on QRCS is analyzed. By comparing and analyzing the bistatic multiphoton QRCS for a cylinder and a rectangular plate, we find that the QRCS for the convex surface target is the extension of the QRCS for the planar target with inhomogeneous atomic arrangement intervals and patterns. The characteristics of cylindrical QRCS are discussed by combining the transceiver system and the photon number of the transmitted signal, and the influences of the cylindrical radius, cylindrical length, and incident photon number on QRCS are analyzed. The bistatic results provide guidance on potential strong scattering directions for the target under various directions of photon incidence. Compared with the plane target, the cylindrical target amplifies scattering intensity near the target surface at the scattering angle side in the bistatic system. A bistatic multiphoton quantum radar system can achieve sharpening and amplification of the main lobe of the QRCS for a cylinder in an extensive scattering angle range. Bistatic multiphoton quantum radar has better visibility for the cylinder with a smaller length. These characteristics will provide prior information for research in many fields, such as photonic technology, radar technology, and precision metrology.