We compare the Faraday spectrum with the dispersion spectrum near the ${\mathit{D}}_{2}$ line of Rb atoms immersed in a high density Xe buffer gas. We observe deviations from the standard Becquerel relation, which relates the Faraday effect of an atomic gas to its dispersion. The deviations are due to coupling of the Rb valence electron to the Xe environment. The Rb ${\mathit{D}}_{2}$ transition dipole moment becomes rotationally locked to the instantaneous collision axes at Xe densities of \ensuremath{\sim} ${10}^{20}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}$.We compare the Faraday spectrum with the dispersion spectrum near the ${\mathit{D}}_{2}$ line of Rb atoms immersed in a high density Xe buffer gas. We observe deviations from the standard Becquerel relation, which relates the Faraday effect of an atomic gas to its dispersion. The deviations are due to coupling of the Rb valence electron to the Xe environment. The Rb ${\mathit{D}}_{2}$ transition dipole moment becomes rotationally locked to the instantaneous collision axes at Xe densities of \ensuremath{\sim}${10}^{20}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}$.

Physical Review LettersApr 4, 19946 citations

Atoms in Static Electric and Magnetic Fields: The Experimental Aspect

Jacques Pinard

NATO ASI series. Series B : PhysicsJan 1, 19904 citations

Electromagnetic Interaction of Atoms

The MIT Press eBooksAug 28, 20000 citations

Onset of a collisional modification of the Faraday effect in a high-density atomic gas

M. Kristensen, F.J. Blok, Martijn A. van Eijkelenborg +2 more

We investigate, theoretically and experimentally, the onset of modified electronic precession due to quasimolecular behavior in dense atomic gases. The close connection between the angular coupling of collision pairs and a modification of the Faraday effect is pointed out. We have observed the onset of this quasimolecular modification of the atomic Faraday effect with high-resolution laser measurements of the absorption and Faraday spectra near the ${\mathit{D}}_{2}$ line of Rb atoms immersed in high-density buffer gases. The atomic Faraday effect itself is also affected by the presence of nuclear spin; this modifies the electronic precession through angular-momentum coupling. We describe how to separate the effect of nuclear spin from the effects due to quasimolecular behavior. In this way we establish the existence of angular coupling of the Rb valence electrons to neighboring buffer-gas atoms at densities above \ensuremath{\sim}2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{19}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}$ in Xe buffer gas. In He buffer gas, quasimolecular modifications of the Faraday effect are approximately two times smaller than for Xe.We investigate, theoretically and experimentally, the onset of modified electronic precession due to quasimolecular behavior in dense atomic gases. The close connection between the angular coupling of collision pairs and a modification of the Faraday effect is pointed out. We have observed the onset of this quasimolecular modification of the atomic Faraday effect with high-resolution laser measurements of the absorption and Faraday spectra near the ${\mathit{D}}_{2}$ line of Rb atoms immersed in high-density buffer gases. The atomic Faraday effect itself is also affected by the presence of nuclear spin; this modifies the electronic precession through angular-momentum coupling. We describe how to separate the effect of nuclear spin from the effects due to quasimolecular behavior. In this way we establish the existence of angular coupling of the Rb valence electrons to neighboring buffer-gas atoms at densities above \ensuremath{\sim}2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{19}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}$ in Xe buffer gas. In He buffer gas, quasimolecular modifications of the Faraday effect are approximately two times smaller than for Xe.

Physical Review AFeb 1, 199514 citations

Interaction of Atoms with an electromagnetic field

Igor I Sobel'man

Elsevier eBooksJan 1, 19720 citations

Faraday spectroscopy in an optical lattice: a continuous probe of atom dynamics

Greg Smith, Souma Chaudhury, Poul Jessen

The linear Faraday effect is used to implement a continuous measurement of the spin of a sample of laser-cooled atoms trapped in an optical lattice. One of the optical lattice beams serves also as a probe beam, thereby allowing one to monitor the atomic dynamics in real time and with minimal perturbation. A simple theory is developed to predict the measurement sensitivity and associated cost in terms of decoherence caused by the scattering of probe photons. Calculated signal-to-noise ratios in measurements of Larmor precession are found to agree with experimental data for a wide range of lattice intensity and detuning. Finally, quantum back-action is estimated by comparing the measurement sensitivity to spin projection noise, and shown to be insignificant in the current experiment. A continuous quantum measurement based on Faraday spectroscopy in optical lattices may open up new possibilities for the study of quantum feedback and classically chaotic quantum systems.The linear Faraday effect is used to implement a continuous measurement of the spin of a sample of laser-cooled atoms trapped in an optical lattice. One of the optical lattice beams serves also as a probe beam, thereby allowing one to monitor the atomic dynamics in real time and with minimal perturbation. A simple theory is developed to predict the measurement sensitivity and associated cost in terms of decoherence caused by the scattering of probe photons. Calculated signal-to-noise ratios in measurements of Larmor precession are found to agree with experimental data for a wide range of lattice intensity and detuning. Finally, quantum back-action is estimated by comparing the measurement sensitivity to spin projection noise, and shown to be insignificant in the current experiment. A continuous quantum measurement based on Faraday spectroscopy in optical lattices may open up new possibilities for the study of quantum feedback and classically chaotic quantum systems.

arXiv:quant-ph/0304163Journal of Optics B Quantum and Semiclassical OpticsJun 11, 200355 citations

We compare the Faraday spectrum with the dispersion spectrum near the

{\mathit{D}}_{2}

line of Rb atoms immersed in a high density Xe buffer gas. We observe deviations from the standard Becquerel relation, which relates the Faraday effect of an atomic gas to its dispersion. The deviations are due to coupling of the Rb valence electron to the Xe environment. The Rb

{\mathit{D}}_{2}

transition dipole moment becomes rotationally locked to the instantaneous collision axes at Xe densities of \ensuremath{\sim}

{10}^{20}

${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}$.

{\mathit{D}}_{2}

line of Rb atoms immersed in high-density buffer gases. The atomic Faraday effect itself is also affected by the presence of nuclear spin; this modifies the electronic precession through angular-momentum coupling. We describe how to separate the effect of nuclear spin from the effects due to quasimolecular behavior. In this way we establish the existence of angular coupling of the Rb valence electrons to neighboring buffer-gas atoms at densities above \ensuremath{\sim}2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}

{10}^{19}

${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}$ in Xe buffer gas. In He buffer gas, quasimolecular modifications of the Faraday effect are approximately two times smaller than for Xe.