The Principles of Quantum Theory, From Planck's Quanta to the Higgs Boson

Stanislav Ordin

The intensive path of development of science has led not only to the compilation of a large amount of poorly systematized knowledge about nature but also to the fact that under this "cultural layer" many magnificent ideas of the luminaries of the last century were found. This primarily concerns quantum theory, which has departed from the principles of quantization of Planck–Einstein and degenerated into a formal science, which not only does not need to be understood but also is forbidden to be understood. However, starting from the Planck–Einstein spatial resonances called quanta, we get a transparent physical picture and can correct a number of theories. The foundation of this book was laid by the popular science article "Uncombed Physics and the Particle of God" (https://rusnor.org/pubs/articles/8058.htm). This is what the Higgs boson was pompously called when Higgs was awarded the Nobel Prize. This work was continued by the author in subsequent books in which the author deliberately (for self-control) tried to include only the material that had passed the examination in scientific journals. This book includes both the author's early scientific works, which identified problems in elementary basic models, and the author's latest, which gave ways to solve fundamental problems.

Florian A. Scheck

SUVID SINGH

Since the discovery of quantum dynamics in the 1900s, we have observed many of its effects on the macroscopic world. Max Planck gave the first quantum hypothesis in 1900, explaining how electromagnetic waves transmit energy in “quanta.” Building upon that, Louis De Broglie stated the theory of wave-particle duality, and Erwin Schrodinger postulated the equation to interpret this wave nature. Physicists expanded the field as the theories of Quantum Electrodynamics and Quantum Chromodynamics were put forward, explaining the Electromagnetic Force and the Strong Nuclear Force in terms of quanta. Theories such as the Many Worlds Interpretation were also proposed to explain quantum mechanical phenomena. Although there were many discoveries, there were also problems such as the Hierarchy Problem that arose because of the unusual mass of the Higgs Boson. Nevertheless, This unusual mass of the Higgs needs to be “unusual” for life to exist. If it were something else, the discovery of Quantum Mechanics would not have been possible, and everything we have learned about it till now would not exist; we would not exist. Thus, we can look at how quantum dynamics affects the macroscopic world even though it governs the world of the “very small.”

Arthur Holly Compton, Werner Karl Heisenberg

Arkady Plotnitsky

Taking as its point of departure the discovery of the Higgs boson, this article considers quantum theory, including quantum field theory, which predicted the Higgs boson, through the combined perspective of quantum information theory and the idea of technology, while also adopting anon-realistinterpretation, in 'the spirit of Copenhagen', of quantum theory and quantum phenomena themselves. The article argues that the 'events' in question in fundamental physics, such as the discovery of the Higgs boson (a particularly complex and dramatic, but not essentially different, case), are made possible by the joint workings of three technologies: experimental technology, mathematical technology and, more recently, digital computer technology. The article will consider the role of and the relationships among these technologies, focusing on experimental and mathematical technologies, in quantum mechanics (QM), quantum field theory (QFT) and finite-dimensional quantum theory, with which quantum information theory has been primarily concerned thus far. It will do so, in part, by reassessing the history of quantum theory, beginning with Heisenberg's discovery of QM, in quantum-informational and technological terms. This history, the article argues, is defined by the discoveries of increasingly complex configurations of observed phenomena and the emergence of the increasingly complex mathematical formalism accounting for these phenomena, culminating in the standard model of elementary-particle physics, defining the current state of QFT.