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Communications in Theoretical Physics

Exact Solution of Two-Site Bose–Hubbard Model with Generic Open Boundaries*

Zhirong Xin, Tao Yang, Kun Hao, Wen‐Li Yang

Published Dec 1, 2015• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The Bose–Hubbard model is a paradigm for the study of strongly correlated bosonic systems. We study the two-site Bose–Hubbard model with generic integrable open boundaries specified by the most general non-diagonal reflecting matrices. Besides the inhomogeneous parameters, the model itself has three free boundary parameters, which break the U(1)-symmetry, in other words, break the particle number conservation. The Hamiltonian H under these circumstances is constructed. With the help of the off-diagonal Bethe Ansatz method, we successfully obtain the corresponding Bethe Ansatz equations as well as the eigenvalues.

DOI
10.1088/0253-6102/64/6/653

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I introduce a new parametrization of a bosonic Lax operator for the algebraic Bethe ansatz method with the gl(2)gl(2)gl(2)-invariant RRR-matrix and use it to present the exact solution of a generalized two-sites Bose-Hubbard model with asymmetric tunnelling. In the no interaction limit I show that the Bethe ansatz equations can be written as a SN−1S^{N-1}SN−1 sphere, where NNN is the total number of atoms in the condensate.
Integrability of strongly correlated electron systems on open chains XIANG-YU GEIn recent years, there has been a strong increase of interest in models of strongly correlated electron systems in condensed matter physics, in particular in integrable onedimensional models.Examples of such models are the one-dimensional Hubbard model, the supersymmetric t-J model, the Hubbard-like model (Bariev's chain), the so-called extended Hubbard model (EKS model), the supersymmetric U model and the eight-state supersymmetric U model.The study of integrable open-boundary conditions for strongly correlated electron models is very important for physical applications, especially for gaining insights into the behaviour of more realistic systems.The important ingredient in Sklyanin's boundary quantum inverse scattering method (QISM), which has played a key role in recent advances in the study of lattice models with open-boundaries, is a new algebraic structure, the reflection equation algebra.In this thesis, a general graded reflection equation algebra is proposed and the corresponding graded (supersymmetry) boundary QISM is formulated.The formalism is applicable to all boundary lattice systems where an invertible i?-matrix exists.As applications, some important integrable boundary conditions for various strongly correlated electron models with quantum superalgebra symmetries are constructed, including:1. Presentation of integrable open-boundary conditions for the one-dimensional qdeformed supersymmetric Essler-Korepin-Schoutens (EKS) extended Hubbard model.Determination of three different diagonal boundary if-matrices and of nine classes of integrable open-boundary conditions.Construction of the exactly solvable Hamiltonian with open-boundary terms for quantum superalgebra U q (gl(2\2)) symmetry; 2. Establishment of the quantum integrability of open-boundary conditions for the one-dimensional ^-deformed supersymmetric U model with quantum superalgebra U q (gl(2\l)} symmetry.Determination of diagonal boundary if-matrices and of integrable open-boundary conditions.Solution of the boundary system by means of the coordinate space Bethe ansatz technique, and derivation of the Bethe ansatz equations;
Abstract It is shown that the extended one-dimensional dimer Bose–Hubbard model with multi-body interactions can be solved exactly by using the algebraic Bethe ansatz mainly due to the site-permutation S 2 symmetry. The solution for the model with up to three-particle hopping and three-body on-site interaction is explicitly shown. As an example of the application, lower part of the excitation energy levels and the ground-state entanglement measure of the standard Bose–Hubbard Hamiltonian with the attractive two-body on-site interaction plus the three-body on-site interaction for 100 bosons with variation of the control parameter are calculated by using the exact solution. It is shown that the attractive three-body on-site interaction reinforces the critical point entanglement of the system, which may be helpful for design of an optical lattice for ultracold atoms or a tuneable superconducting quantum interference device with maximal entanglement.